{"data":{"canonicalRef":"gita.18.16","workId":"gita","work":"gita","edition":"gita-standard-700","corpusVersion":"gita-1.0.0-rc.1","chapter":18,"verse":16,"speaker":"Krishna","representations":{"devanagari":"तत्रैवं सति कर्तारमात्मानं केवलं तु यः।\nपश्यत्यकृतबुद्धित्वान्न स पश्यति दुर्मतिः ॥","iast":"tatraivaṃ sati kartāramātmānaṃ kevalaṃ tu yaḥ\npaśyatyakṛtabuddhitvānna sa paśyati durmatiḥ","english":"who being of an unrefined understanding sees the agent in the immaculate self"},"translation":{"translator":"Kashinath Trimbak Telang","editionYear":1882,"status":"machine-aligned; two human reviews pending","alignmentConfidence":0.593},"variants":[],"provenance":[{"sourceId":"vedic-scriptures","locator":"BG18.16","role":"Devanagari and IAST digital witness"},{"sourceId":"telang-1882","locator":"Chapter 18; aligned against BG18.16","role":"English translation witness"}],"review":{"transcription":"machine-cross-checked","firstHumanReview":"pending","secondHumanReview":"pending","releaseEligible":false},"checksum":"549d7c631ea2b3f140067acab539aeb22c78ee4cbc9e13655b485c5079e20ea3","commentaries":[{"id":"prabhupada-ec:source:18.16","canonicalRef":"gita.18.16","chapter":18,"verse":16,"authorId":"prabhupada","author":"A. C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada","editionId":"prabhupada-ec","fieldCode":"ec","language":"en","script":"Latn","contentType":"commentary","content":"A foolish person cannot understand that the Supersoul is sitting as a friend within and conducting his actions. Although the material causes are the place, the worker, the endeavor and the senses, the final cause is the Supreme, the Personality of Godhead. Therefore, one should see not only the four material causes but the supreme efficient cause as well. One who does not see the Supreme thinks himself to be the doer.","sourceLocator":"bhagavadgita_chapter_18_slok_16.json#/prabhu/ec","sourceUrl":"https://github.com/vedicscriptures/bhagavad-gita","sourceCommit":"43dfc8db815d01e15a347ea294b089334cf2aa17","alignmentStatus":"machine-validated; human review pending","checksum":"aee5f83254d0fa3639d71866fd6a648f21ce331f0be4594dc20bf7aa0191b60b","corpusVersion":"gita-commentaries-0.2.0"},{"id":"prabhupada-et:source:18.16","canonicalRef":"gita.18.16","chapter":18,"verse":16,"authorId":"prabhupada","author":"A. C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada","editionId":"prabhupada-et","fieldCode":"et","language":"en","script":"Latn","contentType":"translation","content":"Therefore one who thinks himself the only doer, not considering the five factors, is certainly not very intelligent and cannot see things as they are.","sourceLocator":"bhagavadgita_chapter_18_slok_16.json#/prabhu/et","sourceUrl":"https://github.com/vedicscriptures/bhagavad-gita","sourceCommit":"43dfc8db815d01e15a347ea294b089334cf2aa17","alignmentStatus":"machine-validated; human review pending","checksum":"f735ad2e863de9cbd094d6ec64cace3e10a4c9e1274c314b745a3a461460a67b","corpusVersion":"gita-commentaries-0.2.0"},{"id":"abhinavagupta-sc:source:18.16","canonicalRef":"gita.18.16","chapter":18,"verse":16,"authorId":"abhinavagupta","author":"Abhinavagupta","editionId":"abhinavagupta-sc","fieldCode":"sc","language":"sa","script":"Deva","contentType":"commentary","content":"।।18.13 -- 18.17।।अधुना व्यवहारदशायामपि पञ्चस्वपि कर्महेतुषु स्थितेषु बलादेवामी ( बलादमी ) अविद्यान्धाः पुमांसः स्वात्मन्येव सकलकर्तृभावभारमारोपयन्ति ( आरोपयन्त्येते )। अतो निजयैव धिया आत्मानं बध्नन्ति? न तु वस्तुस्थित्या अस्य बन्धः इत्युपदिश्यते -- पञ्चेत्यादि न निबद्ध्यते इत्यन्तम्। कृतः अन्तः? निश्चयः यत्रेति कृतान्तः? सिद्धान्तः। अधिष्ठानं? विषयः। दैवम्? प्रागर्जितं शुभाशुभम्। पञ्चैते अधिष्ठानादयः सामग्रीरूपतां प्राप्ताः सर्वकर्मसु हेतवः।अन्ये तु? अधिष्ठीयते अनेन सर्वं कर्म इति बुद्धिगतं रजोलब्धवृत्तिकं धृतिश्रद्धासुखविविदिषाविविदिषारूपपञ्चकपरिणामिकर्मयोगशब्दवाच्यमधिष्ठानं क्वचित् प्रयत्नशब्देन उक्तम्। कर्ता? अनुसन्धाता बुद्धिलक्षणः। करणं मनश्चक्षुरादि? बाह्यमपि च खड्गादि। चेष्टा प्राणापानादिका। दैवशब्देन धर्माधर्मौ ताभ्यां च बुद्धिगताः सर्वेऽपि भावा उपलक्षिताः [ इति ]। अन्ये तु अधिष्ठानम् ईश्वरं मन्यन्ते।अकृतबुद्धित्वात्? अनिश्चितप्रज्ञतया। यः पुनरहंकारवियोगदार्ढ्येन प्रागुक्तयुक्तिशतशोधितेन कर्माणि करोति न स बन्धभाक् ( ? N न संबन्धभाक् )? कृतबुद्धित्वात् इत्याशयः।","sourceLocator":"bhagavadgita_chapter_18_slok_16.json#/abhinav/sc","sourceUrl":"https://github.com/vedicscriptures/bhagavad-gita","sourceCommit":"43dfc8db815d01e15a347ea294b089334cf2aa17","alignmentStatus":"machine-validated; human review pending","checksum":"9eeec8f688b9c3f8f2e436a8c279add7df7b6be07d9ea8ec70a902c4356199dc","corpusVersion":"gita-commentaries-0.2.0"},{"id":"abhinavagupta-et:source:18.16","canonicalRef":"gita.18.16","chapter":18,"verse":16,"authorId":"abhinavagupta","author":"Abhinavagupta","editionId":"abhinavagupta-et","fieldCode":"et","language":"en","script":"Latn","contentType":"translation","content":"18.16 See Comment under 18.17","sourceLocator":"bhagavadgita_chapter_18_slok_16.json#/abhinav/et","sourceUrl":"https://github.com/vedicscriptures/bhagavad-gita","sourceCommit":"43dfc8db815d01e15a347ea294b089334cf2aa17","alignmentStatus":"machine-validated; human review pending","checksum":"8205330ac8c0c704059d95eb4eaf83522a1f2842a5edf2a4c828cacfaf7cf46d","corpusVersion":"gita-commentaries-0.2.0"},{"id":"dhanapati-sc:source:18.16","canonicalRef":"gita.18.16","chapter":18,"verse":16,"authorId":"dhanapati","author":"Dhanapati","editionId":"dhanapati-sc","fieldCode":"sc","language":"sa","script":"Deva","contentType":"commentary","content":"।।18.16।।एवमधिष्ठानादीनां सर्वकर्मणि हेतुत्वमुक्त्वाऽविदुष आत्मन्यकर्तरि कर्तृत्वदृष्टिमनुवदति -- तत्रैवं सतीति। एवं यथोक्तैः पञ्चभिर्हेतुभिः सर्वस्मिन्कर्मणि निर्वर्त्ये सति केवलं शुद्धमसंहतं अकर्तारमात्मानमात्मानोऽनन्यत्वेन,कल्पितैरधिष्ठानादिभिःक्रियमाणस्य कर्मणोऽहमेव कर्तेति कर्तारं योऽकृतबुद्धित्वात् वेदान्तचार्योपदेशन्यायैरसंस्कृतबुद्धित्वात्पश्यति अतः स दुर्मतिः नैव पश्यति। योऽपि देहातिरिक्तात्मवादी तार्किकादिः केवलमकर्तारं शुद्धमात्मानं कर्तारं पश्यत्यसावप्यकृतबुद्धित्वान्न पश्यति आत्मनः। कर्मणो वा तत्त्वम्। अतो दुरमतिः कुत्सिता विपरीता दुष्टाऽस्त्रं जननमरणाप्राप्तिहेतुभूता मतिरस्येति। स पश्यन्नपि न पश्यति। यथा तैमिरिकोऽनेकचन्द्रं यथावान्येषु धावत्स्वेवासनास्थि आत्मनं धावन्तं पश्यति तथाधिष्ठानादिषु क्रियाकर्तुषु तद्गतः स्वात्मानमकर्तारं पश्यति स दुर्मतिरित्यर्थः।","sourceLocator":"bhagavadgita_chapter_18_slok_16.json#/dhan/sc","sourceUrl":"https://github.com/vedicscriptures/bhagavad-gita","sourceCommit":"43dfc8db815d01e15a347ea294b089334cf2aa17","alignmentStatus":"machine-validated; human review pending","checksum":"6f3038fcb03467a882e5748d9e370006aa974764483f3f81d4297656e5307bb1","corpusVersion":"gita-commentaries-0.2.0"},{"id":"s-sankaranarayan-et:source:18.16","canonicalRef":"gita.18.16","chapter":18,"verse":16,"authorId":"s-sankaranarayan","author":"Dr. S. S. Sankaranarayan","editionId":"s-sankaranarayan-et","fieldCode":"et","language":"en","script":"Latn","contentType":"translation","content":"18.16. But this being the case, whosoever views himself as the sole agent (cause of actions) due to his imperfect intellect - he, the defective-minded one, does not view [things rightly].","sourceLocator":"bhagavadgita_chapter_18_slok_16.json#/san/et","sourceUrl":"https://github.com/vedicscriptures/bhagavad-gita","sourceCommit":"43dfc8db815d01e15a347ea294b089334cf2aa17","alignmentStatus":"machine-validated; human review pending","checksum":"526bce4e674c195ee093d8cf48fa638af35f9d7b3a8a56dc005aed43e74f748f","corpusVersion":"gita-commentaries-0.2.0"},{"id":"jayatirtha-sc:source:18.16","canonicalRef":"gita.18.16","chapter":18,"verse":16,"authorId":"jayatirtha","author":"Jayatīrtha","editionId":"jayatirtha-sc","fieldCode":"sc","language":"sa","script":"Deva","contentType":"commentary","content":"।।18.16।।न चैवं जीवस्य कर्मकारणेष्वनन्तर्भावे व्याख्यायमानेतत्रैवं सति इत्युत्तरवाक्ये केवलमिति न युज्यते? एकाकिनमात्मानं कारणत्वेन मन्यमानस्य निन्दयाऽस्य सहायस्य कारणत्वप्रतीतेरित्यत आह -- केवलमिति। नात्र केवलशब्द एकाकिवचनः? किन्तु निष्क्रियत्ववाची तदुक्तिश्च निन्दोपपादनार्थेति भावः। केवलशब्दस्य निष्क्रियार्थत्वं कुतः इत्यत आह -- एनमिति। तत्रैवायास्यश्रुतावेवोक्तम्।","sourceLocator":"bhagavadgita_chapter_18_slok_16.json#/jaya/sc","sourceUrl":"https://github.com/vedicscriptures/bhagavad-gita","sourceCommit":"43dfc8db815d01e15a347ea294b089334cf2aa17","alignmentStatus":"machine-validated; human review pending","checksum":"33c4f47ffa03a46e8e102d8a86f972a466811464f1437509b88635e451ab3f89","corpusVersion":"gita-commentaries-0.2.0"},{"id":"madhusudana-sarasvati-sc:source:18.16","canonicalRef":"gita.18.16","chapter":18,"verse":16,"authorId":"madhusudana-sarasvati","author":"Madhusūdana Sarasvatī","editionId":"madhusudana-sarasvati-sc","fieldCode":"sc","language":"sa","script":"Deva","contentType":"commentary","content":"।।18.16।।इदानीमेतेषामेव कर्मकर्तृत्वादात्मनो न कर्तृत्वमित्यधिष्ठानादिनिरूपणफलमाह -- तत्रैवमिति। तत्र कर्मणि प्रागुक्तसर्वस्मिन्नेवं सत्यधिष्ठानादिपञ्चहेतुके सति तैर्निर्वर्त्यमाने आत्मानं सर्वजडप्रपञ्चस्य भासकं सत्तास्फूर्तिरूपं स्वप्रकाशपरमानन्दमबाध्यं केवलमसङ्गोदासीनमकर्तारमविक्रियमद्वितीयं तु एव परमार्थतोऽविद्यया त्वधिष्ठानादौ प्रतिबिम्बितमादित्यमिव तोये तद्भासकमनन्यत्वेन परिकल्प्य तोयचलनेनादित्यश्चलतीतिवदधिष्ठानादिकर्मणोऽहमेव कर्तेति साक्षिणमपि सन्तं कर्तारं क्रियाश्रयं यः पश्यत्यविद्यया कल्पयति रज्जुमिव भुजङ्गं स एवं पश्यन्नपि न पश्यत्यात्मानं तत्त्वेन स्वरूपाज्ञानकृतत्वादध्यासस्य स भ्रान्त्या विपरीतमेव पश्यति न यथातत्त्वमित्यत्र को हेतुरत आह -- अकृतबुद्धित्वादिति। शास्त्राचार्योपदेशन्यायैरनुपजनितविवेकबुद्धित्वात्। नहि रज्जुतत्त्वसाक्षात्काराभावे भुजङ्गभ्रमं कश्चन बाधते एवं शास्त्राचार्योपदेशन्यायैः परिनिष्ठितेअहमस्मिसत्यं ज्ञानमनन्तम्अकर्त्रभोक्तृपरमानन्दमनवस्थमद्वयं ब्रह्म इति साक्षात्कारेऽनुपजनिते कुतो मिथ्याज्ञानतत्कार्यबोधः। एतादृशं साक्षात्कारं गुरुमुपसृत्य वेदान्तवाक्यविचारेण कुतो न जनयतीत्यत आह -- दुर्मतिरिति। दुष्टा विवेकप्रतिबन्धकपापेन मलिना मतिर्यस्य सः? अतोऽशुद्धबुद्धित्वान्नित्यनित्यावस्तुविवेकादिशून्यत्वेन तत्त्वज्ञानायोग्यत्वादकर्तारमपि कर्तारं केवलमप्यकेवलमात्मानमविद्यया कल्पयन्संसारी कर्माधिकारी देहभृदकृतबुद्धिः कर्मकर्तृषु तादात्म्याभिमानात्कर्मत्यागासमर्थः सर्वदा जननमरणप्रबन्धेनानिष्टमिष्टं मिश्रं च कर्मफलमनुभवति। एतेन यस्तार्किको देहादिव्यतिरिक्तमात्मानमेव कर्तारं केवलं पश्यति सोऽप्यकृतबुद्धित्वेन व्याख्यातः। अन्यस्त्वाह। आत्मा केवलो न कर्ता किंत्वधिष्ठानादिभिः संहतः सन् परमार्थतः कर्तैव कर्तारमात्मानं,केवलं पश्यन् दुर्मतिरिति केवलशब्दप्रयोगादिति। तन्न। परमार्थतः सर्वक्रियाशून्यस्यासङ्गस्यात्मनोऽधिष्ठानादिभिः संहतत्वानुपपत्तेर्जलसूर्यकादिवत्त्वाविद्यकेन संहतत्वेन कर्तृत्वमपि तादृशमेवाधिष्ठानादीनामप्याविद्यकत्वाच्च। केवलशब्दस्तु स्वभावसिद्धमात्मनोऽसङ्गाद्वितीयरूपत्वमनुवदति कर्तृत्वदर्शिनो दुर्मतित्वहेतुत्वेनेत्यदोषः।","sourceLocator":"bhagavadgita_chapter_18_slok_16.json#/ms/sc","sourceUrl":"https://github.com/vedicscriptures/bhagavad-gita","sourceCommit":"43dfc8db815d01e15a347ea294b089334cf2aa17","alignmentStatus":"machine-validated; human review pending","checksum":"a665f2c54d4d5c76d50441bab39ef47e5a411fe0553fcd356e99447b10230b95","corpusVersion":"gita-commentaries-0.2.0"},{"id":"madhvacharya-sc:source:18.16","canonicalRef":"gita.18.16","chapter":18,"verse":16,"authorId":"madhvacharya","author":"Madhvācārya","editionId":"madhvacharya-sc","fieldCode":"sc","language":"sa","script":"Deva","contentType":"commentary","content":"।।18.16।।केवलं निष्क्रियम्। एनं केवलमात्मानं निष्क्रियत्वाद्वदन्ति हीति तत्रैव।","sourceLocator":"bhagavadgita_chapter_18_slok_16.json#/madhav/sc","sourceUrl":"https://github.com/vedicscriptures/bhagavad-gita","sourceCommit":"43dfc8db815d01e15a347ea294b089334cf2aa17","alignmentStatus":"machine-validated; human review pending","checksum":"a816a28a211464931a87f19d39658e0e482345eceb132e1fab76abee2152fd02","corpusVersion":"gita-commentaries-0.2.0"},{"id":"nilakantha-sc:source:18.16","canonicalRef":"gita.18.16","chapter":18,"verse":16,"authorId":"nilakantha","author":"Nīlakaṇṭha","editionId":"nilakantha-sc","fieldCode":"sc","language":"sa","script":"Deva","contentType":"commentary","content":"।।18.16।।एतत्प्रतिपादनफलं कर्तृत्वस्यारोपितत्वसिद्धिरकर्तृत्वस्य स्वाभाविकत्वसिद्धिश्चेति द्वाभ्यां श्लोकाभ्यां दर्शयति -- तत्रेति। तत्र तस्मिन्कर्मणि। एवमुक्तरीत्या पञ्चभिर्निर्वर्त्ये सति। केवलं त्वकर्तारमप्यात्मानं चेतनम्साक्षी चेता केवलो निर्गुणश्च इति श्रुतेः अधिष्ठानादिपञ्चकप्रचारदर्शिनमुदासीनमपि यः कर्तारं कर्तृत्वाश्रयं पश्यति स दुर्मतिः पापाभिभूतमतिर्न पश्यति। अन्ध एव सः। अदर्शने हेतुः अकृतबुद्धित्वादिति। शास्त्राचार्योपदेशशमदमादिसंस्कृता बुद्धिर्यस्य स कृतबुद्धिस्तद्विपरीतोऽकृतबुद्धिस्तस्य भावस्तत्त्वं तस्मात्। यथा स्वमुखस्योदपात्रसंसर्गिकत्वं पश्यता जलचाञ्चल्यमपि तत्रारोप्यत एवमात्मनो बुद्धिसंसृष्टत्वं पश्यता बुद्धिधर्मः कर्तृत्वादिरप्यात्मन्यारोप्यत इति भावः।","sourceLocator":"bhagavadgita_chapter_18_slok_16.json#/neel/sc","sourceUrl":"https://github.com/vedicscriptures/bhagavad-gita","sourceCommit":"43dfc8db815d01e15a347ea294b089334cf2aa17","alignmentStatus":"machine-validated; human review pending","checksum":"188c20eaeb84d6a72f14c6018358d6b5fd0ff75d118b02e9732d18e28add1b1f","corpusVersion":"gita-commentaries-0.2.0"},{"id":"purushottama-sc:source:18.16","canonicalRef":"gita.18.16","chapter":18,"verse":16,"authorId":"purushottama","author":"Puruṣottamajī","editionId":"purushottama-sc","fieldCode":"sc","language":"sa","script":"Deva","contentType":"commentary","content":"।।18.16।।किमतो यद्येवमत आह -- तत्रेति। तत्र सर्वकर्मसु पञ्च हेतवो मत्प्रेरिता इत्येवं सति स केवलमेकं आत्मानं जीवं? तुशब्देन अकर्तारं? योऽकृतबुद्धित्वात् गुरूपदेशप्राप्तविवेकाभावात् दुर्मतिः दुर्बुद्धिः स्वमौढ्येन पश्यति? स न पश्यति आत्मानं मां चेति भावः। एवं यः कर्म करोति तस्य तत्फलतीति भावः।","sourceLocator":"bhagavadgita_chapter_18_slok_16.json#/puru/sc","sourceUrl":"https://github.com/vedicscriptures/bhagavad-gita","sourceCommit":"43dfc8db815d01e15a347ea294b089334cf2aa17","alignmentStatus":"machine-validated; human review pending","checksum":"1f7e372e7e5c2286da7c3e79c2b96a9367e3910b7f7293fac5bf776c660b5e8e","corpusVersion":"gita-commentaries-0.2.0"},{"id":"ramanuja-sc:source:18.16","canonicalRef":"gita.18.16","chapter":18,"verse":16,"authorId":"ramanuja","author":"Rāmānuja","editionId":"ramanuja-sc","fieldCode":"sc","language":"sa","script":"Deva","contentType":"commentary","content":"।।18.16।।एवं वस्तुतः परमात्मानुमतिपूर्वके जीवात्मनः कर्तृत्वे सति तत्र कर्मणि केवलम् आत्मानम् एव कर्तारं यः पश्यति? स दुर्मतिः विपरीतमतिः? अकृतबुद्धित्वात् -- अनिष्पन्नयथावस्थितवस्तुबुद्धित्वात् न पश्यति न यथावस्थितं कर्तारं पश्यति।","sourceLocator":"bhagavadgita_chapter_18_slok_16.json#/raman/sc","sourceUrl":"https://github.com/vedicscriptures/bhagavad-gita","sourceCommit":"43dfc8db815d01e15a347ea294b089334cf2aa17","alignmentStatus":"machine-validated; human review pending","checksum":"920c4e0cb0ed52a173faa176ee49d9aa34597504bb91e37a9f5ed1ae6c0961a9","corpusVersion":"gita-commentaries-0.2.0"},{"id":"ramanuja-et:source:18.16","canonicalRef":"gita.18.16","chapter":18,"verse":16,"authorId":"ramanuja","author":"Rāmānuja","editionId":"ramanuja-et","fieldCode":"et","language":"en","script":"Latn","contentType":"translation","content":"18.16 In fact, the agency of the individual self is subject to the consent of Supreme Self; such being the case, if the 'individual self regards Itself as the agent,' It is of wicked or perverse mind. For, It does not perceive the agent as It really is, since It possesses an 'uncultivated understanding,' namely, an understanding which does not reveal the real state of affairs.","sourceLocator":"bhagavadgita_chapter_18_slok_16.json#/raman/et","sourceUrl":"https://github.com/vedicscriptures/bhagavad-gita","sourceCommit":"43dfc8db815d01e15a347ea294b089334cf2aa17","alignmentStatus":"machine-validated; human review pending","checksum":"06ee7635cb3a48dc639ce0c46c78f2a0618fb0cd4c5e3d4eee3a001638fbff26","corpusVersion":"gita-commentaries-0.2.0"},{"id":"purohit-swami-et:source:18.16","canonicalRef":"gita.18.16","chapter":18,"verse":16,"authorId":"purohit-swami","author":"Shri Purohit Swami","editionId":"purohit-swami-et","fieldCode":"et","language":"en","script":"Latn","contentType":"translation","content":"18.16 But the fool who supposes, because of his immature judgment, that it is his own Self alone that acts, he perverts the truth and does not see rightly.","sourceLocator":"bhagavadgita_chapter_18_slok_16.json#/purohit/et","sourceUrl":"https://github.com/vedicscriptures/bhagavad-gita","sourceCommit":"43dfc8db815d01e15a347ea294b089334cf2aa17","alignmentStatus":"machine-validated; human review pending","checksum":"a3a79a04eca6ae77f0efff3958843a2eb09c66631ebe60e9b0bd1809ea1a97da","corpusVersion":"gita-commentaries-0.2.0"},{"id":"swami-adidevananda-et:source:18.16","canonicalRef":"gita.18.16","chapter":18,"verse":16,"authorId":"swami-adidevananda","author":"Swami Adidevananda","editionId":"swami-adidevananda-et","fieldCode":"et","language":"en","script":"Latn","contentType":"translation","content":"18.16 Such being the case, he who sees only the self as the agent on account of the uncultivated understanding - he, of wicked mind, does not see at all.","sourceLocator":"bhagavadgita_chapter_18_slok_16.json#/adi/et","sourceUrl":"https://github.com/vedicscriptures/bhagavad-gita","sourceCommit":"43dfc8db815d01e15a347ea294b089334cf2aa17","alignmentStatus":"machine-validated; human review pending","checksum":"783ef233790a5470effe284ff05cfa6d7ae924ebeee950c71f9da5752de914f2","corpusVersion":"gita-commentaries-0.2.0"},{"id":"swami-chinmayananda-hc:source:18.16","canonicalRef":"gita.18.16","chapter":18,"verse":16,"authorId":"swami-chinmayananda","author":"Swami Chinmayananda","editionId":"swami-chinmayananda-hc","fieldCode":"hc","language":"hi","script":"Deva","contentType":"commentary","content":"।।18.16।। पूर्व श्लोक में हमने देखा कि आत्मा की उपस्थिति में शरीरादि जड़ उपाधियाँ कार्य करती हैं? परन्तु आत्मा अकर्ता ही रहता है। आत्मा और अनात्मा के इस विवेक के अभाव में अज्ञानी जन स्वयं को कर्ता और भोक्ता रूप जीव ही समझते हैं। जीव दशा में रागद्वेष? प्रवृत्तिनिवृत्ति? लाभहानि और सुखदुख अवश्यंभावी हैं। जिस क्षण कोई पुरुष आत्मा और अनात्मा के भेद को तथा अविद्या से उत्पन्न मिथ्या अहंकार को समझ लेता है? उसी क्षण इस मिथ्या जीव का अस्तित्व दिवा स्वप्न के भूत के समान समाप्त हो जाता है।तत्रैवं सति सभी प्रकार के उचित और अनुचित कर्म शरीर? कर्ता? दशेन्द्रियाँ तथा दैव की सहायता से ही होते हैं? परन्तु इन्हें चेतनता प्रदान करने वाला आत्मा नित्य शुद्ध और अकर्ता ही रहता है। अज्ञानी जन इस आत्मा को ही कर्ता समझ लेते हैं।इस प्रकार के विपरीत ज्ञान के कारणों का निर्देश? यहाँ अकृतबुद्धि और दुर्मति इन दो शब्दों से किया गया है। अकृतबुद्धि का अर्थ है वह पुरुष जिसने अपनी बुद्धि को शास्त्र? आचार्योपदेश तथा न्याय (तर्क) के द्वारा सुसंस्कृत नहीं किया है तथा दुर्मति का अर्थ है दुष्टरागद्वेषादि युक्त बुद्धि का पुरुष। इस कथन का अभिप्राय यह हुआ कि जो पुरुष अपने चित्त को शुद्ध कर आत्मविचार करता है? वह अपने में ही यह साक्षात् अनुभव करता है? कि शरीरादि जड़ उपाधियाँ ही कार्य करके थकान का अनुभव करती हैं? अकर्ता आत्मा नहीं।विपरीत ज्ञान का वर्णन करने के पश्चात् अब यथार्थ ज्ञान का वर्णन करते हैं","sourceLocator":"bhagavadgita_chapter_18_slok_16.json#/chinmay/hc","sourceUrl":"https://github.com/vedicscriptures/bhagavad-gita","sourceCommit":"43dfc8db815d01e15a347ea294b089334cf2aa17","alignmentStatus":"machine-validated; human review pending","checksum":"32581ca251147be31a9c2cb1474749bf78abef84e33f52514f71a88d757422da","corpusVersion":"gita-commentaries-0.2.0"},{"id":"swami-gambirananda-et:source:18.16","canonicalRef":"gita.18.16","chapter":18,"verse":16,"authorId":"swami-gambirananda","author":"Swami Gambirananda","editionId":"swami-gambirananda-et","fieldCode":"et","language":"en","script":"Latn","contentType":"translation","content":"18.16 This being the case, anyone, who, owing to the imperfection of his intellect, perceives the absolute Self as the agent, that man does not perceive (properly), and has a perverted intellect.","sourceLocator":"bhagavadgita_chapter_18_slok_16.json#/gambir/et","sourceUrl":"https://github.com/vedicscriptures/bhagavad-gita","sourceCommit":"43dfc8db815d01e15a347ea294b089334cf2aa17","alignmentStatus":"machine-validated; human review pending","checksum":"61af7eff7a5e0884d7f42ac87bd3c91ae0dd67fcc431ad02459b6a916d325f7f","corpusVersion":"gita-commentaries-0.2.0"},{"id":"swami-ramsukhdas-hc:source:18.16","canonicalRef":"gita.18.16","chapter":18,"verse":16,"authorId":"swami-ramsukhdas","author":"Swami Ramsukhdas","editionId":"swami-ramsukhdas-hc","fieldCode":"hc","language":"hi","script":"Deva","contentType":"commentary","content":"।।18.16।। व्याख्या -- तत्रैवं सति ৷৷. पश्यति दुर्मतिः -- जितने भी कर्म होते हैं? वे सब अधिष्ठान? कर्ता? करण? चेष्टा और दैव -- इन पाँच हेतुओंसे ही होते हैं? अपने स्वरूपसे नहीं। परन्तु ऐसा होनेपर भी जो पुरुष अपने स्वरूपको कर्ता मान लेता है? उसकी बुद्धि शुद्ध नहीं है -- अकृतबुद्धित्वात् अर्थात् उसने विवेकविचारको महत्त्व नहीं दिया है। जड और चेतनका? प्रकृति और पुरुषका जो वास्तविक विवेक है? अलगाव है? उसकी तरफ उसने ध्यान नहीं दिया है। इसलिये उसकी बुद्धिमें दोष आ गया है। उस दोषके कारण वह अपनेको कर्ता मान लेता है।यहाँ आये अकृतबुद्धित्वात् और दुर्मतिःपदोंका समान अर्थ दीखते हुए भी इनमें थोड़ा फरक है। अकृतबुद्धित्वात् पद हेतुके रूपमें आया है और दुर्मतिः पद कर्ताके विशेषणके रूपमें आया है अर्थात् कर्ताके दुर्मति होनेमें अकृतबुद्धि ही हेतु है। तात्पर्य है कि बुद्धिको शुद्ध न करनेसे अर्थात् बुद्धिमें विवेक जाग्रत् न करनेसे ही वह दुर्मति है। अगर वह विवेकको जाग्रत् करता? तो वह दुर्मति नहीं रहता।केवल (शुद्ध) आत्मा कुछ नहीं करता -- न करोति न लिप्यते (गीता 13। 31) परन्तु तादात्म्यके कारण मैं नहीं करता हूँ -- ऐसा बोध नहीं होता। बोध न होनेमें अकृतबुद्धि ही कारण है अर्थात् जिसने बुद्धिको शुद्ध नहीं किया है? वह दुर्मति ही अपनेको कर्ता मान लेता है जब कि शुद्ध आत्मामें कर्तृत्व नहीं है।केवलम् पद कर्मयोग और सांख्ययोग -- दोनोंमें ही आया है। प्रकृति और पुरुषके विवेकको लेकर कर्मयोग और सांख्ययोग चलते हैं। कर्मयोगमें सब क्रियाएँ शरीर? मन? बुद्धि और इन्द्रियोंके द्वारा ही होती हैं? पर उनके साथ सम्बन्ध नहीं जुड़ता अर्थात् उनमें ममता नहीं होती। ममता न होनेसे शरीर? मन आदिकी संसारके साथ जो एकता है? वह एकता अनुभवमें आ जाती है। एकताका अनुभव होते ही स्वरूपमें स्वतःसिद्ध स्थितिका अनुभव हो जाता है। इसलिये कर्मयोगमें केवलैः पद शरीर? मन? बुद्धि और इन्द्रियोंके साथ दिया गया है -- कायेन मनसा बुद्ध्या केवलैरिन्द्रियैरपि (गीता 5। 11)।सांख्ययोगमें विवेकविचारकी प्रधानता है। जितने भी कर्म होते हैं? वे सब पाँच हेतुओंसे ही होते हैं? अपने स्वरूपसे नहीं। परन्तु अहंकारसे मोहित अन्तःकरणवाला अपनेको कर्ता मान लेता है। विवेकसे मोह मिट जाता है। मोह मिटनेसे वह अपनेको कर्ता कैसे मान सकता है अर्थात् उसे अपने शुद्ध स्वरूपका अनुभव हो जाता है। इसलिये सांख्ययोगमें केवलम् पद स्वरूपके साथ दिया गया है -- केवलम् आत्मानम्।अब इसमें एक बात विशेष ध्यान देनेकी है कि कर्मयोगमें केवल शब्द शरीर? मन आदिके साथ रहनेसे शरीर? मन? बुद्धि आदिके साथ अहम् भी संसारकी सेवामें लग जायगा तथा स्वरूप ज्योंकात्यों रह जायगा और सांख्ययोगमें स्वरूपके साथ केवल रहनेसे मैं निर्लेप हूँ? मैं शुद्धबुद्धमुक्त हूँ इस प्रकार सूक्ष्मरीतिसे अहम् की गंध रह जायगी। मैं निर्लेप रहूँ मेरेमें कर्तृत्व नहीं है -- ऐसी स्थिति बहुत कालतक रहनेसे यह अहम् भी अपनेआप गल जायगा अर्थात् अपने कारण प्रकृतिमें लीन हो जायगा। सम्बन्ध -- पूर्वश्लोकमें यह बताया कि शुद्ध स्वरूपको कर्ता देखनेवाला दुर्मति ठीक नहीं देखता। तो ठीक देखनेवाला कौन है -- इसका वर्णन आगेके श्लोकमें करते हैं।","sourceLocator":"bhagavadgita_chapter_18_slok_16.json#/rams/hc","sourceUrl":"https://github.com/vedicscriptures/bhagavad-gita","sourceCommit":"43dfc8db815d01e15a347ea294b089334cf2aa17","alignmentStatus":"machine-validated; human review pending","checksum":"1d83d0a7b416b87a49e589bf7ec63d9bd3b2b6b2879b9324e66fc8d832b0001f","corpusVersion":"gita-commentaries-0.2.0"},{"id":"swami-ramsukhdas-ht:source:18.16","canonicalRef":"gita.18.16","chapter":18,"verse":16,"authorId":"swami-ramsukhdas","author":"Swami Ramsukhdas","editionId":"swami-ramsukhdas-ht","fieldCode":"ht","language":"hi","script":"Deva","contentType":"translation","content":"।।18.16।।परन्तु ऐसे पाँच हेतुओंके होनेपर भी जो उस (कर्मोंके) विषयमें केवल (शुद्ध) आत्माको कर्ता मानता है, वह दुर्मति ठीक नहीं समझता; क्योंकि उसकी बुद्धि शुद्ध नहीं है।","sourceLocator":"bhagavadgita_chapter_18_slok_16.json#/rams/ht","sourceUrl":"https://github.com/vedicscriptures/bhagavad-gita","sourceCommit":"43dfc8db815d01e15a347ea294b089334cf2aa17","alignmentStatus":"machine-validated; human review pending","checksum":"786cef23972594e74f7ac92f2f42a264fb662e585a4379f0b42c720e64f61ce4","corpusVersion":"gita-commentaries-0.2.0"},{"id":"swami-sivananda-ec:source:18.16","canonicalRef":"gita.18.16","chapter":18,"verse":16,"authorId":"swami-sivananda","author":"Swami Sivananda","editionId":"swami-sivananda-ec","fieldCode":"ec","language":"en","script":"Latn","contentType":"commentary","content":"18.16 तत्र there (the case)? एवम् thus? सति being? कर्तारम् as the agent? आत्मानम् the Self? केवलम् alone? तु verily? यः who? पश्यति sees? अकृतबुद्धित्वात् owing to untrained understanding? न not? सः he? पश्यति sees? दुर्मतिः of perverted intelligence.Commentary The Self is always actionless. He is unattached like ether. He is always the silent witness. He is the spectator of activity. The egoistic man of little understanding only thinks that he is the real agent? and so he is bound by actions. He takes birth again and again to reap the fruits of his actions. For him who considers the body as consciousness? God or the Self? it naturally follows that the Self is the agent or the doer. He who identifies himself with the body? who has taken the body as the pure Self? has cast a net over himself? and he leads a deluded life of utter ignorance. He is bound by the fetters or bonds of Karma. He is ever shut up in the prisonhouse of this body.He who has not united himself with the Buddhi? who has got an impure or untrained understanding? who regards the Self as the actor or the agent is certainly a man of perverted intelligence. He is deluded. He is really a blind man. He sees not though he has eyes. He does not behold the essence of things. He has no idea of the supreme Principle (the Self) Which is Itself actionless? Which ever stands as a silent witness of the activities of all minds and all organs of all beings? Which moves the minds? organs and the lifeforce and the bodies to action? just as the magnet makes the iron pieces move. He does not behold the truth about the Self and action.Durmati Evilminded person A man of perverted intellect or undeveloped reason. He thinks that he alone is the doer or agent. He does not understand anything. He has no knowledge of the,actionless? pure? selfluminous Self.The ignorant man of untrained understanding identifies himself with the five causes and regards the pure actionless Self as the agent or doer of the actions which are really done by these five causes. What is the reason for this Why does he regard them so Because he is not endowed with a pure and subtle intellect his understanding (Buddhi) has not been trained in the practice of Vedanta he is not eipped with the four means of salvation his intellect has not been trained by the teachings of the preceptor or the spiritual teacher in the methods of logical reasoning.He who considers that the pure actionless Self is the agent or the doer is certainly a man of untrained understanding. He has no knowledge of the actionless Self and action. Therefore? he is a man of perverted intelligence. His intellect works or moves in the wrong direction. His intellect moves in the sensual grooves or avenues. It runs like the vicious horse and leads to birth and death. The technie of Buddhi Yoga taught in the Gita enables one effectively to prevent this.He does not perceive or cognise the Truth though he has eyes. Though he sees? he sees the external? gross? illusory? everchanging? perishable objects only. He does not behold the one immortal? unchanging? allblissful essence? which is the basis or substratum of everything. He is like the man with jaundiced eyes? who sees all objects tinged with yellow colur? or like the man suffering from diplopia who beholds many moons? or like the man who thinks that the moon moves when the clouds move? or like the man who? seated in a train? imagines that the trees are moving when it is the train that is really moving. (Cf.V.15XIII.30)","sourceLocator":"bhagavadgita_chapter_18_slok_16.json#/siva/ec","sourceUrl":"https://github.com/vedicscriptures/bhagavad-gita","sourceCommit":"43dfc8db815d01e15a347ea294b089334cf2aa17","alignmentStatus":"machine-validated; human review pending","checksum":"98cfe286cc0e567801e55d17070fe8427fb24d1c9cd55150f17525ee00c5d06c","corpusVersion":"gita-commentaries-0.2.0"},{"id":"swami-sivananda-et:source:18.16","canonicalRef":"gita.18.16","chapter":18,"verse":16,"authorId":"swami-sivananda","author":"Swami Sivananda","editionId":"swami-sivananda-et","fieldCode":"et","language":"en","script":"Latn","contentType":"translation","content":"18.16 Now, such being the case, verily he who owing to untrained understanding looks upon his Self, which is isolated, as the agent, he of perverted intelligence, sees not.","sourceLocator":"bhagavadgita_chapter_18_slok_16.json#/siva/et","sourceUrl":"https://github.com/vedicscriptures/bhagavad-gita","sourceCommit":"43dfc8db815d01e15a347ea294b089334cf2aa17","alignmentStatus":"machine-validated; human review pending","checksum":"f254bb7d54b3e85834d814cb705127b20933a868050e9ae4c5a2c348effaa335","corpusVersion":"gita-commentaries-0.2.0"},{"id":"swami-tejomayananda-ht:source:18.16","canonicalRef":"gita.18.16","chapter":18,"verse":16,"authorId":"swami-tejomayananda","author":"Swami Tejomayananda","editionId":"swami-tejomayananda-ht","fieldCode":"ht","language":"hi","script":"Deva","contentType":"translation","content":"।।18.16।। अब इस स्थिति में जो पुरुष असंस्कृत बुद्धि होने के कारण, केवल शुद्ध आत्मा को कर्ता समझता हैं, वह दुर्मति पुरुष (यथार्थ) नहीं देखता है।।","sourceLocator":"bhagavadgita_chapter_18_slok_16.json#/tej/ht","sourceUrl":"https://github.com/vedicscriptures/bhagavad-gita","sourceCommit":"43dfc8db815d01e15a347ea294b089334cf2aa17","alignmentStatus":"machine-validated; human review pending","checksum":"c2ffebd788eb2e12d4ee45d2bc969f07043325904bf9b7b2de1307d5f1d05706","corpusVersion":"gita-commentaries-0.2.0"},{"id":"vallabhacharya-sc:source:18.16","canonicalRef":"gita.18.16","chapter":18,"verse":16,"authorId":"vallabhacharya","author":"Vallabhācārya","editionId":"vallabhacharya-sc","fieldCode":"sc","language":"sa","script":"Deva","contentType":"commentary","content":"।।18.16।।तत्रैवं सति पञ्चहेतुके कर्मणि सति वस्तुतः प्रकृतिपुरुषप्रयोजकभूतपरमात्मानुमतिपूर्वके जीवात्मनः कर्तृत्वे सति तत्र कर्मणि केवलमात्मानं स्वमेव कर्तारं पश्यति यः स परं विपरीतमतिः अकृतबुद्धित्वात् यथावस्थितं कर्तारं न पश्यति यतः।","sourceLocator":"bhagavadgita_chapter_18_slok_16.json#/vallabh/sc","sourceUrl":"https://github.com/vedicscriptures/bhagavad-gita","sourceCommit":"43dfc8db815d01e15a347ea294b089334cf2aa17","alignmentStatus":"machine-validated; human review pending","checksum":"b2cb5d0a26d0b3692df698e3dc44357cd2ce745af8c3798640d51bc297875199","corpusVersion":"gita-commentaries-0.2.0"},{"id":"vedanta-desika-sc:source:18.16","canonicalRef":"gita.18.16","chapter":18,"verse":16,"authorId":"vedanta-desika","author":"Vedānta Deśika Veṅkaṭanātha","editionId":"vedanta-desika-sc","fieldCode":"sc","language":"sa","script":"Deva","contentType":"commentary","content":"।।18.16।।यद्येवं पञ्चानां हेतुत्वेऽप्यात्मैव कर्ता? तर्ह्यकर्तृत्वानुसन्धानं भ्रान्तिरूपमेव स्यात् विधिनिषेधादिसंरक्षणाय कर्तृत्वं तावद्दुस्त्यजम् न च सहकारिनिरपेक्षकर्तृत्वं प्रतिषिध्यत इति वाच्यं तस्य प्रसङ्गाभावेन प्रतिषेधायोगात्। न हि कश्चिद्देहेन्द्रियदण्डचक्रादिनिरपेक्षः करोमीति मन्यत इति शङ्कायां नियन्त्रन्तरनिरपेक्षस्वाभाविककर्तृत्वभ्रमस्य देहाद्यात्मभ्रमवतां चानेकाधीने कर्मण्यनन्याधीनत्वाभिमानस्य निवारणमकर्तृत्वानुसन्धानमित्युच्यतेतत्रैवम् इति श्लोकेन।परमात्मानुमतिपूर्वक इति सर्वनिर्वाहकप्रधानहेतुग्रहः।आत्मानमिति स्वात्मानमित्यर्थः। अत एव च कर्तृशब्दोऽत्र न पूर्ववद्धर्मिसमर्पकः इतरथा कर्मप्रारम्भहेतुमित्यध्याहारप्रसङ्गाच्चेत्यभिप्रायेणाऽऽह -- केवलमात्मानमेव कर्तारमिति। तुशब्दोऽत्रावधारणार्थो व्याख्यातः। शङ्कानिवर्तकत्वेऽपि वा केवलशब्दोक्तव्यक्त्यर्थ एवकारः।नन्वत्र केवलशब्देन स्वाभाविककर्तृत्वानुवादमात्रं स्यादिति चेत् न चतुर्भिः सम्भूयकरणे प्रस्तुते तदवभिज्ञनिन्दायां तद्व्यवच्छेदार्थत्वस्वारस्यात्तस्यापेक्षितत्वाच्च। तत्र यत्परैरुक्तम् -- आत्मनोऽविक्रियस्वभावत्वेनाधिष्ठानादिभिः संहतत्वानुपपत्तेः विक्रियावतो ह्यन्यैः संहननं? संहत्य वा कर्तृत्वं स्यात् नत्वविक्रियस्यात्मनः केनचित्संहननमस्तीति न सम्भूयकारित्वमुपपद्यते इति तदसत् स्वरूपोत्पत्त्यादिविकाररहितस्यात्मनःदारुण्यग्निर्यथा तैलं तिले तद्वत्पुमानपि। प्रधानेऽवस्थितो व्यापी चेतनात्मात्मवेदनः इत्यादिभिः शास्त्रैर्द्रव्यान्तरेण संहननस्य ज्ञानचिकीर्षाद्याधारतया सहकारिभिः सम्भूयकर्तृत्वस्य च स्थापनात्। अन्यथाऽत्रापिपञ्चैते तस्य हेतवः [18।15] इति कर्तुरपि हेतुत्वेन परिगणनस्य भङ्गप्रसङ्गादिति।स दुर्मतिः इत्येतदुक्तस्यैवानुवादः अन्यथा पौनरुक्त्यादित्यभिप्रायेणाऽऽह -- विपरीतमतिरिति। अकृतबुद्धिरिहाध्यात्मशास्त्रैरनिष्पादितबुद्धिः तदाह -- अनिष्पन्नेति।यः पश्यति? न स पश्यति इति व्याघातात् सदपि दर्शनमयथाभावेनासङ्कल्पतया निन्द्यत इत्यभिप्रायेणाऽऽह -- न यथावस्थितमिति। बाह्येषु यथावस्थितिदर्शनसम्भवात्प्रहृतविषये नियच्छतिकर्तारमिति। स्वभावार्थशास्त्रप्राप्तव्यतिरिक्तेषु न प्रवर्तेत अवश्यकर्तव्येषु स्वभावादिप्राप्तेष्वपि स्वस्मिन्नधिष्ठानादिषु च यथांशं कर्मबन्धनमस्य प्रवर्तेतेति हृदयम्।","sourceLocator":"bhagavadgita_chapter_18_slok_16.json#/venkat/sc","sourceUrl":"https://github.com/vedicscriptures/bhagavad-gita","sourceCommit":"43dfc8db815d01e15a347ea294b089334cf2aa17","alignmentStatus":"machine-validated; human review pending","checksum":"97623425558336969976311f107021440aefcbe699bba8236ec0684524c27377","corpusVersion":"gita-commentaries-0.2.0"},{"id":"anandagiri-sc:source:18.16","canonicalRef":"gita.18.16","chapter":18,"verse":16,"authorId":"anandagiri","author":"Ānandagiri","editionId":"anandagiri-sc","fieldCode":"sc","language":"sa","script":"Deva","contentType":"commentary","content":"।।18.16।।क्रियाकर्तृत्वमधिष्ठानादीनामापाद्याविदुषस्तेष्वात्मदृष्टिमनुवदति -- तत्रेति। तत्पदपरामर्शयोग्यं प्रकृतं सर्वं कर्म प्रतीकमादाय पूर्वेण सहाक्षरार्थं कथयति -- एवमिति। अधिष्ठानादीनामुक्तरीत्या कर्तृत्वे सत्यन्यगतं कर्तृत्वमात्मनो यतोऽध्यारोप्य पश्यति अतो दुर्मतिरित्यात्मनि कर्तृत्वं पश्यन्नित्याह -- तत्रैवमिति। कर्तारमित्यादि व्याचष्टे -- तत्रेत्यादिना। तेष्वधिष्ठानादिषु तैरधिष्ठानादिभिरारोपितात्मभावैरित्यर्थः। अकर्तारमात्मानं कर्तारं पश्यतीत्यत्र प्रश्नद्वारा हेतुमाह -- कस्मादिति। ननु शास्त्रसंस्कृतबुद्धिरेवातिरिक्तात्मवादी कर्तृत्वं तस्यानुमन्यते नासौ कर्तृत्वमात्मनि पश्यन्नपि भवत्यकृतबुद्धिस्तत्राह -- योऽपीति। तस्यापि शास्त्रपूर्वकमाचार्योपदेशेन तदनुसारिन्यायैश्चानाहितबुद्धित्वादकृतबुद्धित्वं सिद्धमित्यर्थः। कौटस्थ्यमात्मनस्तत्त्वं याथात्म्यं कर्मणोऽपि तत्त्वमविद्याकृताधिष्ठानादिकृतत्वेनात्मास्पर्शित्वमात्मकर्मणोस्तत्त्वदर्शनाभावोऽतःशब्दार्थः। दुष्टत्वं स्पष्टीकर्तुं दुर्मतित्वं विवृणोति -- जननेति। अहं कर्तेत्यात्मदर्शनवतोऽपि नाविदुषस्तद्दर्शनमस्तीत्यत्र दृष्टान्तमाह -- यथेति। तिमिरोपहतचक्षुरनेकं चन्द्रं पश्यन्नपि तत्त्वतो न तं पश्यत्येवमविद्वानात्मानं कर्तारं पश्यन्नपि तत्त्वतो न तं पश्यतीत्यर्थः। अधिष्ठानादिष्वविद्यया संबद्धात्मनः स्वात्मनि तद्गतक्रियारोपे दृष्टान्तमाह -- यथावेति। अन्येषु वाहकेषु पुरुषेषु धावनकर्तृषु वाहने स्थितः स्वात्मानं प्रधावनकर्तारमविवेकादभिमन्यते तथाधिष्ठानादिषु क्रियाकर्तृषु तद्गतं स्वात्मानं कर्तारं मन्यमानो दुर्मतिरित्यर्थः।","sourceLocator":"bhagavadgita_chapter_18_slok_16.json#/anand/sc","sourceUrl":"https://github.com/vedicscriptures/bhagavad-gita","sourceCommit":"43dfc8db815d01e15a347ea294b089334cf2aa17","alignmentStatus":"machine-validated; human review pending","checksum":"3950cbe05ba1aedfcf116918e3b6c3a779550b987efd25627be9640c302af872","corpusVersion":"gita-commentaries-0.2.0"},{"id":"shankaracharya-sc:source:18.16","canonicalRef":"gita.18.16","chapter":18,"verse":16,"authorId":"shankaracharya","author":"Śaṅkarācārya","editionId":"shankaracharya-sc","fieldCode":"sc","language":"sa","script":"Deva","contentType":"commentary","content":"।।18.16।। --,तत्र इति प्रकृतेन संबध्यते। एवं सति एवं यथोक्तैः पञ्चभिः हेतुभिः निर्वर्त्ये सति कर्मणि। तत्रैवं सति इति दुर्मतित्वस्य हेतुत्वेन संबध्यते। तत्र एतेषु आत्मानन्यत्वेन अविद्यया परिकल्पितैः क्रियमाणस्य कर्मणः अहमेव कर्ता इति कर्तारम् आत्मानं केवलं शुद्धं तु यः पश्यति अविद्वान् कस्मात् वेदान्ताचार्योपदेशन्यायैः अकृतबुद्धित्वात् असंस्कृतबुद्धित्वात् योऽपि देहादिव्यतिरिक्तात्मवादी आत्मानमेव केवलं कर्तारं पश्यति? असावपि अकृतबुद्धिः अतः अकृतबुद्धित्वात् न सः पश्यति आत्मनः तत्त्वं कर्मणो वा इत्यर्थः। अतः दुर्मतिः? कुत्सिता विपरीता दुष्टा अजस्रं जननमरणप्रतिपत्तिहेतुभूता मतिः अस्य इति दुर्मतिः। सः पश्यन्नपि न पश्यति? यथा तैमिरिकः अनेकं चन्द्रम्? यथा वा अभ्रेषु धावत्सु चन्द्रं धावन्तम्? यथा वा वाहने उपविष्टः अन्येषु धावत्सु आत्मानं धावन्तम्।।कः पुनः सुमतिः यः सम्यक् पश्यतीति? उच्यते --,","sourceLocator":"bhagavadgita_chapter_18_slok_16.json#/sankar/sc","sourceUrl":"https://github.com/vedicscriptures/bhagavad-gita","sourceCommit":"43dfc8db815d01e15a347ea294b089334cf2aa17","alignmentStatus":"machine-validated; human review pending","checksum":"79a5372b20719c6b42a03badb3b7bf776b57600342f2cfee682dc72c1b2f347f","corpusVersion":"gita-commentaries-0.2.0"},{"id":"shankaracharya-et:source:18.16","canonicalRef":"gita.18.16","chapter":18,"verse":16,"authorId":"shankaracharya","author":"Śaṅkarācārya","editionId":"shankaracharya-et","fieldCode":"et","language":"en","script":"Latn","contentType":"translation","content":"18.16 Tatra is used for connecting with the topic under discussion. Tatra evam sati, this being the case, when actions are thus accomplished by the five causes mentioned above;-this portion has to be connected with 'perverted intellect' by way of causality [Actions are done by the body etc., but since a person thinks that the Self is the agent, therefore he is said to have a perverted intellect.]-yah, tu, anyone, an unenlightened person, who; pasyati, perceives; kevalam, the absolute, pure; atmanam, Self; as the kartaram, agent-thinking, 'I myself am the agent of the actions being done by them', as a conseence of imagining the Self as identified with them; why?-akrta-buddhitvat, owing to the imperfection of his intellect, owing to his intellect not having been refined by the instructions of Vedanta and the teachers, and by reasoning-.\nEven the person who, believing in the Self as distinct from the body etc., looks upon the distinct [Ast. omits anyam (distinct).-Tr.], absolute Self as the agent, he, too, is surely of imperfect intellect.\nHence, owing to his having an imperfect intellect, sah, that man; na, does not; pasyati, perceive (properly) either the truth about the Self or about actions. This is the meaning. Therefore he is a durmatih, man of perverted intellect, in the sense that his intellect is contemptible, perverse, corrupted, and the cause of repeatedly undergoing births and deaths. He does not perceive even while seeing-like the man suffering from Timira seeing many moons, or like one thinking the moon to be moving when (actually) the clouds are moving, or like the one seated on some conveyance (e.g. palanin), thinking oneself to be moving when others (the bearers) are moving.\nWho, again, is the man of right intellect who perceives correctly? This is being answered:","sourceLocator":"bhagavadgita_chapter_18_slok_16.json#/sankar/et","sourceUrl":"https://github.com/vedicscriptures/bhagavad-gita","sourceCommit":"43dfc8db815d01e15a347ea294b089334cf2aa17","alignmentStatus":"machine-validated; human review pending","checksum":"4b790617b259ec5bbb1cb3b599cf2dee93f7f4e21ffe97909cb01e6ebc753d4f","corpusVersion":"gita-commentaries-0.2.0"},{"id":"shankaracharya-ht:source:18.16","canonicalRef":"gita.18.16","chapter":18,"verse":16,"authorId":"shankaracharya","author":"Śaṅkarācārya","editionId":"shankaracharya-ht","fieldCode":"ht","language":"hi","script":"Deva","contentType":"translation","content":"।।18.16।।तत्र शब्द प्रकरणसे सम्बन्ध जोड़ता है। ऐसा होनेसे? यानी पहले बतलाये हुए पाँच कारणोंद्वारा ही समस्त कर्म सिद्ध होते हैं? इसलिये? जो अज्ञानी पुरुष? वेदान्त और आचार्यके उपदेशद्वारा तथा तर्कद्वारा संस्कृतबुद्धि न होनेके कारण? उन अधिष्ठानादि पाँचों कारणोंके साथ अविद्यासे आत्माकी एकता मानकर? उनके द्वारा किये हुए कर्मोंका मैं ही कर्ता हूं इस प्रकार केवलशुद्ध आत्माको ( उन कर्मोंका ) कर्ता समझता है? ( वह वास्तवमें कुछ भी नहीं समझता )। तथा आत्माको शरीरादिसे अलग माननेवाला भी? जो शरीरादिसे अलग केवल आत्माको ही कर्ता समझता है? वह भी अकृतबुद्धि ही है। अतः असंस्कृतबुद्धि होनेके कारण वह भी वास्तवमें आत्माका या कर्मका तत्त्व नहीं समझता? यह अभिप्राय है। इसलिये वह दुर्बुद्धि है। जिसकी बुद्धि कुत्सित? विपरीत? दुष्ट और बारम्बार जन्ममरण देनेमें कारणरूप हो उसे दुर्बुद्धि कहते हैं ऐसा मनुष्य देखता हुआ भी वास्तवमें नहीं देखता। जैसे तिमिररोगवाला अनेक चन्द्र देखता है? या जैसे बालक दौड़ते हुए बादलोंमें चन्द्रमाको दौड़ता हुआ देखता है? अथवा जैसे ( पालकी आदि ) किसी सवारीपर चढ़ा हुआ मनुष्य दूसरोंके चलनेमें अपना चलना समझता है ( वैसे ही उसका समझना है )।","sourceLocator":"bhagavadgita_chapter_18_slok_16.json#/sankar/ht","sourceUrl":"https://github.com/vedicscriptures/bhagavad-gita","sourceCommit":"43dfc8db815d01e15a347ea294b089334cf2aa17","alignmentStatus":"machine-validated; human review pending","checksum":"d50337ee71f50097c5f7acaffc23e7565c9279dcfcf14aa130e4da79473304be","corpusVersion":"gita-commentaries-0.2.0"},{"id":"sridhara-svamin-sc:source:18.16","canonicalRef":"gita.18.16","chapter":18,"verse":16,"authorId":"sridhara-svamin","author":"Śrīdhara Svāmin","editionId":"sridhara-svamin-sc","fieldCode":"sc","language":"sa","script":"Deva","contentType":"commentary","content":"।।18.16।।ततः किमत आह -- तत्रेति। तत्र सर्वस्मिन्कर्मणि एते पञ्च हेतव इत्येवं सति केवलं निरुपाधिकमसङ्गमात्मानं तु यः कर्तारं पश्यति शास्त्राचार्योपदेशत्यागेनासंस्कृतबुद्धित्वाद्दुर्मतिरसौ सम्यङ्न पश्यति।","sourceLocator":"bhagavadgita_chapter_18_slok_16.json#/srid/sc","sourceUrl":"https://github.com/vedicscriptures/bhagavad-gita","sourceCommit":"43dfc8db815d01e15a347ea294b089334cf2aa17","alignmentStatus":"machine-validated; human review pending","checksum":"82fa287d83b20960f8d75008913ea2a44e9bba2e7814c162dab2e8d62f6ec8c3","corpusVersion":"gita-commentaries-0.2.0"}]},"meta":{"commentaryCount":29}}