Sāṅkhya Yoga

2.18

machine-aligned; two human reviews pendingKrishna

Sanskrit · Devanagari

अन्तवन्त इमे देहा नित्यस्योक्ताः शरीरिणः। अनाशिनोऽप्रमेयस्य तस्माद्युध्यस्व भारत ॥

Sanskrit · IAST

antavanta ime dehā nityasyoktāḥ śarīriṇaḥ anāśino.aprameyasya tasmādyudhyasva bhārata

English witness

Kashinath Trimbak Telang, 1882
These bodies appertaining to the embodied (self) which is eternal, indestructible, and indefinable, are said to be perishable therefore do engage in battle, O descendant of Bharata!

This verse-level alignment is machine-assisted and awaits two independent human checks. Confidence signal: 71%.

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Commentary · Sanskrit

Śaṅkarācārya

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।।2.18।। अन्तः विनाशः विद्यते येषां ते अन्तवन्तः । यथा मृगतृष्णिकादौ सद्बुद्धिः अनुवृत्ता प्रमाणनिरूपणान्ते विच्छिद्यते स तस्य अन्तः तथा इमे देहाः स्वप्नमायादेहादिवच्च अन्तवन्तः नित्यस्य शरीरिणः शरीरवतः अनाशिनः अप्रमेयस्य आत्मनः अन्तवन्त इति उक्ताः विवेकिभिरित्यर्थः। नित्यस्य अनाशिनः इति न पुनरुक्तम् नित्यत्वस्य द्विविधत्वात् लोके नाशस्य च। यथा देहो भस्मीभूतः अदर्शनं गतो नष्ट उच्यते। विद्यमानोऽपि यथा अन्यथा परिणतो व्याध्यादियुक्तो जातो नष्ट उच्यते। तत्र नित्यस्य अनाशिनः इति द्विविधेनापि नाशेन असंबन्धः अस्येत्यर्थः। अन्यथा पृथिव्यादिवदपि नित्यत्वं स्यात् आत्मनः तत् मा भूदिति नित्यस्य अनाशिनः इत्याह। अप्रमेयस्य न प्रमेयस्य प्रत्यक्षादिप्रमाणैः अपरिच्छेद्यस्येत्यर्थः।।ननु आगमेन आत्मा परिच्छिद्यते प्रत्यक्षादिना च पूर्वम्। न आत्मनः स्वतःसिद्धत्वात्। सिद्धे हि आत्मनि प्रमातरि प्रमित्सोः प्रमाणान्वेषणा भवति। न हि पूर्वम् इत्थमहम् इति आत्मानमप्रमाय पश्चात् प्रमेयपरिच्छेदाय प्रवर्तते। न हि आत्मा नाम कस्यचित् अप्रसिद्धो भवति। शास्त्रं तु अन्त्यं प्रमाणम् अतद्धर्माध्यारोपणमात्रनिवर्तकत्वेन प्रमाणत्वम् आत्मनः प्रतिपद्यते न तु अज्ञातार्थज्ञापकत्वेन। तथा च श्रुतिः यत्साक्षादपरोक्षाद्ब्रह्म य आत्मा सर्वान्तरः इति।।यस्मादेवं नित्यः अविक्रियश्च आत्मा तस्मात् युध्यस्व युद्धात् उपरमं मा कार्षीः इत्यर्थः।।न हि अत्र युद्धकर्तव्यता विधीयते युद्धे प्रवृत्त एव हि असौ शोकमोहप्रतिबद्धः तूष्णीमास्ते। अतः तस्य प्रतिबन्धापनयनमात्रं भगवता क्रियते। तस्मात् युध्यस्व इति अनुवादमात्रम् न विधिः।।शोकमोहादिसंसारकारणनिवृत्त्यर्थं गीताशास्त्रम् न प्रवर्तकम् इत्येतस्यार्थस्य साक्षिभूते ऋचौ आनिनाय भगवान्।यत्तु मन्यसे युद्धे भीष्मादयो मया हन्यन्ते अहमेव तेषां हन्ता इति एषा बुद्धिः मृषैव ते। कथम्

Alignment
machine-validated; human review pending
Checksum
6543e952cab9
Translation · English

Rāmānuja

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2.18 The root 'dih' means 'to grow.' Hence these bodies (Dehas) are characterised by complexity. They have an end - their nature is perishablity. For, jugs and such other things which are characterised by complexity are seen to have an end. The bodies of the embodied self, which are made of conglomerated elements, serve the purpose of experiencing the effects of Karmas, as stated in Brh. U. IV. 4.5, 'Auspicious embodiments are got through good actions.' Such bodies perish when Karmas are exhausted. Further the self is imperishable. Why? Because it is not measurable. Neither can It be conceived as the object of knowledge, but only as the subject (knower). It will be taught later on: 'He who knows It is called the knower of the Field by those who know this (13.1). Besides, the self is not seen to be made up of many (elements). Because in the perception 'I am the knower' throughout the body, only something other than the body is understood as possessing an invariable form as the knower. Further, this knower cannot be dismembered and seen in different places as is the case with the body. Therefore the self is eternal, for (1) It is not a complex being of a single form; (2) It is the knowing subject; and (3) It pervades all. On the contrary, the body is perishable, because (1) it is complex; (2) it serves the purpose of experiencing the fruits of Karma by the embodied self; (3) it has a plurality of parts and (4) it can be pervaded. Therefore, as the body is by nature perishable and the self by nature is eternal, both are not objects fit for grief. Hence, bearing with courage the inevitable strike of weapons, sharp or hard, liable to be received by you and others, begin the action called war without being attached to the fruits but for the sake of attaining immortality.

Alignment
machine-validated; human review pending
Checksum
71870a30d3fb
Commentary · English

Swami Sivananda

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2.18 अन्तवन्तः having an end? इमे these? देहाः bodies? नित्यस्य of the everlasting? उक्ताः are said? शरीरिणः of the embodied? अनाशिनः of the indestructible? अप्रमेयस्य of the immesaurable? तस्मात् therefore? युध्यस्व fight? भारत O Bharata.Commentary -- Lord Krishna explains to Arjuna the nature of the allpervading? immortal Self in a variety of ways and thus induces him to fight by removing his delusion? grief and despondency which are born of ignorance.

Alignment
machine-validated; human review pending
Checksum
043df55875f0

These supplied texts come from the pinned VedicScriptures dataset under GPL-3.0 and await independent alignment review.

Record integrity

Provenance

Canonical ID
gita.2.18
Corpus version
gita-1.0.0-rc.1
Text review
machine-cross-checked; two human passes pending
Devanagari and IAST digital witness
vedic-scriptures · BG2.18
English translation witness
telang-1882 · Chapter 2; aligned against BG2.18
SHA-256
5cdcbfe2b5e874880ff34599bb7e5404742cef78e7c69672aef24aaffe717fa8