Arjuna Viṣāda Yoga

1.17

first review verified; second review pendingSanjaya

Sanskrit · Devanagari

काश्यश्च परमेष्वासः शिखण्डी च महारथः। धृष्टद्युम्नो विराटश्च सात्यकिश्चापराजितः ॥

Sanskrit · IAST

kāśyaśca parameṣvāsaḥ śikhaṇḍī ca mahārathaḥ dhṛṣṭadyumno virāṭaśca sātyakiścāparājitaḥ

English translation

Kashinath Trimbak Telang, 1882
Virāṭa

This verse was aligned by machine and has completed first review (google/gemini-3.8-flash confidence: 15%); second review pending. Machine alignment confidence: 70%.

Interpretations

Compare translations and commentaries

All 30 available readings are aligned to this verse. Translations appear first, followed by commentaries; each keeps its author and source trail.

Translation · English

A. C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada

The great bowman, the mighty car-warrior, Kasya; the great car-warrior, the undefeated Shikhandi; Dhrishtadyumna and Virata; and the unconquered Satyaki.

Machine-validated alignment; human review pending. SHA-256 4d08106efc6a…

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Translation · English

Abhinavagupta

1.12 1.29 Sri Abhinavgupta did not comment upon this sloka.

Machine-validated alignment; human review pending. SHA-256 b7bf35dfc570…

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Translation · English

Dr. S. S. Sankaranarayan

1.17. And the king of Kasi, a great archer, and Sikhandin, a mighty warrior; Dhrstadyumna and the king of Virata, and the unconered Satyaki;

Machine-validated alignment; human review pending. SHA-256 edafb60c3baf…

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Translation · English

Rāmānuja

1.1 - 1.19 Dhrtarastra said - Sanjaya said Duryodhana, after viewing the forces of Pandavas protected by Bhima, and his own forces protected by Bhisma conveyed his views thus to Drona, his teacher, about the adeacy of Bhima's forces for conering the Kaurava forces and the inadeacy of his own forces for victory against the Pandava forces. He was grief-stricken within. Observing his (Duryodhana's) despondecny, Bhisma, in order to cheer him, roared like a lion, and then blowing his conch, made his side sound their conchs and kettle-drums, which made an uproar as a sign of victory. Then, having heard that great tumult, Arjuna and Sri Krsna the Lord of all lords, who was acting as the charioteer of Arjuna, sitting in their great chariot which was powerful enough to coner the three worlds; blew their divine conchs Srimad Pancajanya and Devadatta. Then, both Yudhisthira and Bhima blew their respective conchs separately. That tumult rent asunder the hearts of your sons, led by Duryodhana. The sons of Dhrtarastra then thought, 'Our cause is almost lost now itself.' So said Sanjaya to Dhrtarastra who was longing for their victory. Sanjaya said to Dhrtarastra: Then, seeing the Kauravas, who were ready for battle, Arjuna, who had Hanuman, noted for his exploit of burning Lanka, as the emblem on his flag on his chariot, directed his charioteer Sri Krsna, the Supreme Lord-who is overcome by parental love for those who take shelter in Him who is the treasure-house of knowledge, power, lordship, energy, potency and splendour, whose sportive delight brings about the origin, sustentation and dissolution of the entire cosmos at His will, who is the Lord of the senses, who controls in all ways the senses inner and outer of all, superior and inferior - by saying, 'Station my chariot in an appropriate place in order that I may see exactly my enemies who are eager for battle.'

Machine-validated alignment; human review pending. SHA-256 a61bf97be843…

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Translation · English

Śaṅkarācārya

1.17 Sri Sankaracharya did not comment on this sloka. The commentary starts from 2.10.

Machine-validated alignment; human review pending. SHA-256 9603f5ad525f…

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Translation · English

Shri Purohit Swami

1.17 And the Maharaja of Benares, the great archer, Shikhandi, the great soldier, Dhrishtayumna, Virata and Satyaki, the invincible,

Machine-validated alignment; human review pending. SHA-256 33febe607707…

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Translation · English

Sir Edwin Arnold

and Kasi's Prince on his. Sikhandi on his car, Dhrishtadyumn, Virata, Satyaki the Unsubdued,

First model review verified (google/gemini-3.8-flash confidence: 98%); second review pending. SHA-256 938615554cb7…

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Translation · English

Swami Adidevananda

1.17 And the King of Kasi the supreme bowman, Sikandi the mighty warrior, Dhrstadyumna and Virata; and Satyaki the invincible;

Machine-validated alignment; human review pending. SHA-256 778fd915fe85…

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Translation · English

Swami Gambirananda

1.17 And the King of Kasi, wielding a great bow, and the great chariot-rider Sikhandi, Dhrstadyumna and Virata, and Satyaki the unconered;

Machine-validated alignment; human review pending. SHA-256 ed77ab11e16b…

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Translation · English

Swami Sivananda

1.17. The king of Kasi, an exellent archer, Sikhandi, the mighty car-warrior, Dhrishtadyumna and Virata and Satyaki, the unconered.

Machine-validated alignment; human review pending. SHA-256 00633e977b9f…

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Translation · Hindi

Śaṅkarācārya

।।1.17।।Sri Sankaracharya did not comment on this sloka.

Machine-validated alignment; human review pending. SHA-256 12da4e3b8e47…

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Translation · Hindi

Swami Ramsukhdas

।।1.17 -- 1.18।। हे राजन्! श्रेष्ठ धनुषवाले काशिराज और महारथी शिखण्डी तथा धृष्टद्युम्न एवं राजा विराट और अजेय सात्यकि, राजा द्रुपद और द्रौपदी के पाँचों पुत्र तथा लम्बी-लम्बी भुजाओंवाले सुभद्रा-पुत्र अभिमन्यु - इन सभी ने सब ओर से अलग-अलग (अपने-अपने) शंख बजाये।

Machine-validated alignment; human review pending. SHA-256 8c67b440ffdd…

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Translation · Hindi

Swami Tejomayananda

।।1.17।।श्रेष्ठ धनुषवाले काशिराज, महारथी शिखण्डी, धृष्टद्युम्न, राजा विराट और अजेय सात्यकि।

Machine-validated alignment; human review pending. SHA-256 679cbfbc2089…

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Commentary · English

A. C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada

Sañjaya informed King Dhṛtarāṣṭra very tactfully that his unwise policy of deceiving the sons of Pāṇḍu and endeavoring to enthrone his own sons on the seat of the kingdom was not very laudable. The signs already clearly indicated that the whole Kuru dynasty would be killed in that great battle. Beginning with the grandsire, Bhīṣma, down to the grandsons like Abhimanyu and others – including kings from many states of the world – all were present there, and all were doomed. The whole catastrophe was due to King Dhṛtarāṣṭra, because he encouraged the policy followed by his sons.

Machine-validated alignment; human review pending. SHA-256 f7ff85893dfb…

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Commentary · English

Swami Sivananda

1.17 काश्यः Kasya? the king of Kasi? च and? परमेष्वासः an excellent archer? शिखण्डी Sikhandi? च and? महारथः mighty carwarrior? धृष्टद्युम्नः Dhrishtadyumna? विराटः Virata? च and? सात्यकिः Satyaki? च and? अपराजितः unconered.No Commentary.

Machine-validated alignment; human review pending. SHA-256 c2127fb07ebe…

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Commentary · Hindi

Swami Ramsukhdas

।।1.17।। व्याख्या--'काश्यश्च परमेष्वासः ৷৷. शङ्खान् दध्मुः पृथक्पृथक्'--महारथी शिखण्डी बहुत शूरवीर था। यह पहले जन्ममें स्त्री (काशिराजकी कन्या अम्बा) था और इस जन्ममें भी राजा द्रुपदको पुत्रीरूपसे प्राप्त हुआ था। आगे चलकर यही शिखण्डी स्थूणाकर्ण नामक यक्षसे पुरुषत्व प्राप्त करके पुरुष बना। भीष्मजी इन सब बातोंको जानते थे और शिखण्डीको स्त्री ही समझते थे। इस कारण वे इसपर बाण नहीं चलाते थे। अर्जुनने युद्धके समय इसीको आगे करके भीष्मजीपर बाण चलाये और उनको रथसे नीचे गिरा दिया। अर्जुनका पुत्र अभिमन्यु बहुत शूरवीर था। युद्धके समय इसने द्रोणनिर्मित चक्रव्यूहमें घुसकर अपने पराक्रमसे बहुतसे वीरोंका संहार किया। अन्तमें कौरवसेनाके छः महारथियोंने इसको अन्यायपूर्वक घेरकर इसपर शस्त्रअस्त्र चलाये। दुःशासनपुत्रके द्वारा सिरपर गदाका प्रहार होनेसे इसकी मृत्यु हो गयी। सञ्जयने शंखवादनके वर्णनमें कौरवसेनाके शूरवीरोंमेंसे केवल भीष्मजीका ही नाम लिया और पाण्डवसेनाके शूरवीरोंमेंसे भगवान् श्रीकृष्ण, अर्जुन, भीम आदि अठारह वीरोंके नाम लिये। इससे ऐसा प्रतीत होता है कि सञ्जयके मनमें अधर्मके पक्ष-(कौरवसेना-) का आदर नहीं है। इसलिये वे अधर्मके पक्षका अधिक वर्णन करना उचित नहीं समझते। परन्तु उनके मनमें धर्मके पक्ष-(पाण्डवसेना-) का आदर होनेसे और भगवान् श्रीकृष्ण तथा पाण्डवोंके प्रति आदरभाव होनेसे वे उनके पक्षका ही अधिक वर्णन करना उचित समझते हैं और उनके पक्षका वर्णन करनेमें ही उनको आनन्द आ रहा है।सम्बन्ध-- पाण्डवसेनाके शंखवादनका कौरवसेनापर क्या असर हुआ--इसको आगेके श्लोकमें कहते हैं।

Machine-validated alignment; human review pending. SHA-256 1017f7e453f6…

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Commentary · Sanskrit

Abhinavagupta

।।1.17।।No commentary.

Machine-validated alignment; human review pending. SHA-256 4c7f7e4e7afa…

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Commentary · Sanskrit

Ānandagiri

।।1.17।।अन्येषामपि तत्पक्षीयाणां राज्ञामैकमत्यं विज्ञापयन् धृतराष्ट्रस्य दुराशां संजयो व्युदस्यति काश्यश्चेत्यादिना।

Machine-validated alignment; human review pending. SHA-256 0f2d930b1e9c…

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Commentary · Sanskrit

Dhanapati

।।1.17।। अन्येषामपि तत्पक्षीयाणां सर्वेषामैकमत्यं बोधयंस्तेषां प्रवृत्तिमाह काश्यश्चेत्यादिना। काश्यः काशिराजः परमेष्वासः परमधनुर्धुरः। सात्यकिश्चापराजितः पराजयमप्राप्तः। शिखण्डी च महारथः।

Machine-validated alignment; human review pending. SHA-256 69b94a7ab20e…

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Commentary · Sanskrit

Jayatīrtha

।।1.17।।Sri Jayatirtha did not comment on this sloka. The commentary starts from 2.11.

Machine-validated alignment; human review pending. SHA-256 3cfc150bfc3d…

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Commentary · Sanskrit

Madhusūdana Sarasvatī

।। 1.17अन्येषमापि रथस्थत्वे स्थितएवासाधारण्येन रथोत्कर्षकथनार्थं ततः श्वेतैर्हयैर्युक्त इत्यादिना रथस्थत्वकथनम्। तेनाग्निदत्ते दुष्प्रधृष्ये रथे स्थितौ। सर्वथा जेतुमशक्यावित्यर्थः। पाञ्चजन्यो देवदत्तः पौण्ड्रोऽनन्तविजयः सुधोषो मणिपुष्पकश्चेति शङ्खनामकथनम् परसैन्ये स्वस्वनामभिः प्रसिद्धा एतावन्तः शङ्खाः भवत्सैन्ये तु नैकोऽपि स्वनामप्रसिद्धः शङ्खोऽस्तीति परेषामुत्कर्षातिशयकथनार्थम्। सर्वेन्द्रियप्रेरकत्वेन सर्वान्तर्यामी सहायः पाण्डवानामिति कथयितुं हृषिकेशपदम्। दिग्विजये सर्वान्राज्ञो जित्वा धनमाहृतवानिति सर्वथैवायमजेय इति कथयितुं धनंजयपदम्। भीष्मं हिडिम्बवधादिरूपं कर्म यस्य तादृशः वृकोदरत्वेन बह्वन्नपाकादतिबलिष्ठो भीमसेन इति कथितम्। कुन्तीपुत्र इति कुन्त्या महता तपसा धर्ममाराध्य लब्धः स्वयं च राजसूययाजित्वेन मुख्यो राजा युधि चायमेव जयभागित्वेन स्थिरो नत्वेतद्विपक्षाः स्थिरा भविष्यन्तीति युधिष्ठिरपदेन सूचितम्। नकुलः सुघोषं सहदेवो मणिपुष्पकं दध्मावित्यनुषज्यते। परमेष्वासः काश्यो महाधनुर्धरः काशिराजः। न पराजितः पारिजातहरणबाणयुद्धादिमहासंग्रामेषु एतादृशः सात्यकिः। हे पृथिवीपते धृतराष्ट्र स्थिरो भूत्वा शृण्वित्यभिप्रायः। सुगममन्यत्।

Machine-validated alignment; human review pending. SHA-256 519dce13c6d7…

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Commentary · Sanskrit

Madhvācārya

।।1.17।।Sri Madhvacharya did not comment on this sloka. The commentary starts from 2.11.

Machine-validated alignment; human review pending. SHA-256 ecddcd8bc4be…

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Commentary · Sanskrit

Nīlakaṇṭha

।। 1.17अभ्यहन्यन्त अभिहताः। कर्मकर्तरि प्रयोगः।

Machine-validated alignment; human review pending. SHA-256 e4a315029d68…

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Commentary · Sanskrit

Puruṣottamajī

।।1.17।।एवं मुख्यानां नामानि तच्छङ्खानां चोक्त्वा तत्सैनिकानां महतां सर्वेषां नामान्याह काश्यश्चेति द्वयेन। काश्यः काशिराजः परमेष्वासः परमः श्रेष्ठ इष्वासो धनुर्यस्य। शिखण्डी च महारथः शस्त्रशास्त्रप्रवीणः। चकारेण परमेष्वासोऽपि। धृष्टद्युम्नादयो गणिताः सर्वे तथा। सौभद्रोऽभिमन्युः महाबाहुः परमयुद्धसमर्थः। पृथक् पृथक् भिन्नस्थाने स्थिताः शङ्खान्दध्मुः। पृथिवीपत इति सम्बोधनं धृतराष्ट्रस्य सर्वेषां स्वरूपज्ञानार्थम्।

Machine-validated alignment; human review pending. SHA-256 b07e9808e921…

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Commentary · Sanskrit

Rāmānuja

।।1.17।।धृतराष्ट्र उवाच सञ्जय उवाच दुर्योधनः स्वयमेव भीमाभिरक्षितं पाण्डवानां बलम् आत्मीयं च भीष्माभिरक्षितं बलम् अवलोक्य आत्मविजये तस्य बलस्य पर्याप्तताम् आत्मीयस्य बलस्य तद्विजये चापर्याप्तताम् आचार्याय निवेद्य अन्तरे विषण्णः अभवत्। तस्य विषादम् आलोक्य भीष्मः तस्य हर्षं जनयितुं सिंहनादं शङ्खाध्मानं च कृत्वा शङ्खभेरीनिनादैः च विजयाभिशंसिनं घोषं च अकारयत्। ततः तं घोषम् आकर्ण्य सर्वेश्वरेश्वरः पार्थसारथी रथी च पाण्डुतनयः त्रैलोक्यविजयोपकरणभूते महति स्यन्दने स्थितौ त्रैलोक्यं कम्पयन्तौ श्रीमत्पाञ्चजन्यदेवदत्तौ दिव्यौ शङ्खौ प्रदध्मतुः। ततो युधिष्ठिरवृकोदरादयः च स्वकीयान् शङ्खान् पृथक् पृथक् प्रदध्मुः। स घोषो दुर्योधनप्रमुखानां सर्वेषाम् एव भवत्पुत्राणां हृदयानि बिभेद। अद्य एव नष्टं कुरूणां बलम् इति धार्त्तराष्ट्रा मेनिरे। एवं तद्विजयाभिकाङ्क्षिणे धृतराष्ट्राय संजयः अकथयत्।अथ युयुत्सून् अवस्थितान् धार्तराष्ट्रान् भीष्मद्रोणप्रमुखान् दृष्ट्वा लङ्कादहनवानरध्वजः पाण्डुतनयो ज्ञानशक्तिबलैश्वर्यवीर्यतेजसां निधिं स्वसंकल्पकृतजगदुदयविभवलयलीलं हृषीकेशं परावरनिखिलजनान्तर्बाह्यसर्वकरणानां सर्वप्रकारकनियमने अवस्थितं समाश्रितवात्सल्यविवशतया स्वसारथ्ये अवस्थितं युयुत्सून् यथावत् अवेक्षितुं तदीक्षणक्षमे स्थाने रथं स्थापय इति अचोदयत्।

Machine-validated alignment; human review pending. SHA-256 189ee9de26ff…

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Commentary · Sanskrit

Śaṅkarācārya

1.17 Sri Sankaracharya did not comment on this sloka. The commentary starts from 2.10.

Machine-validated alignment; human review pending. SHA-256 9603f5ad525f…

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Commentary · Sanskrit

Śrīdhara Svāmin

।।1.17।। काश्यश्चेति। काश्यः काशिराजः। कथंभूतः। परमः श्रेष्ठ इष्वासो धनुर्यस्य सः।

Machine-validated alignment; human review pending. SHA-256 75d3cb2f8684…

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Commentary · Sanskrit

Vallabhācārya

।।1.15 1.19।।ततो युधिष्ठिरभीमादयश्च पृथक्पृथक् शङ्खान् दध्मुः। स घोषः दुर्योधनादिहृदयानि बिभेद।

Machine-validated alignment; human review pending. SHA-256 285449d79a6a…

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Commentary · Sanskrit

Vedānta Deśika Veṅkaṭanātha

।। 1.17।।दिव्यत्वोक्तिदर्शितशङ्खातिशयवैशद्याय पाञ्चजन्यदेवदत्तसंज्ञोक्तिः। एवं भीमसेनादिशङ्खचतुष्टयविशेषे नामनिर्देशोऽपि।पृथक् पृथक् प्रदध्मुरिति यथैकैकशङ्खध्वनिरेव धार्तराष्ट्रहृदयभेदाय स्यात् तथा प्रदध्मुरिति भावः। यद्वा यथास्वं प्रहर्षद्योतनाय क्रमात्प्रदध्मुरिति।स घोषः इति श्लोके नभश्च पृथिवीं चानुनादयन्नपि धार्तराष्ट्राणामेव हृदयानि बिभेदेत्यन्वयः अन्येषां तु हर्षहेतुरिति भावः।सर्वेषामेव भवत्पुत्राणामित्यनेन तेषु दृढचित्तः कश्चिदपि नास्तीति द्योतनाय धार्तराष्ट्रशब्दतद्गतबहुवचनयोरर्थ उक्तः।व्यदारथत् इत्यस्य वक्ष्यमाणाभिप्रायद्योतकं प्रतिपदंबिभेद इति। घोषस्य शस्त्रादिवत् हृदयविदारणत्वं कथमित्यत्राह अद्यैवेति। स्वबलस्य विजयित्वमध्यवस्यतां तन्नाशबुद्धिरेव हि हृदयभेद इति भावः। धार्तराष्ट्रविजयबुभुत्सया पृच्छते धृतराष्ट्राय प्रागुक्तप्रकारेण तदपजयसूचकमेव सञ्जयोऽकथयदित्याह एवमिति।

Machine-validated alignment; human review pending. SHA-256 eefc6a9b6ab4…

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Source trail

Trace this verse

Canonical ID
gita.1.17
Corpus version
gita-1.0.0-rc.1
Text review
machine-cross-checked; first review verified, second pass pending
Devanagari and IAST digital witness
vedic-scriptures · BG1.17
English translation witness
telang-1882 · Chapter 1; aligned against BG1.17
SHA-256
65145db80e9a32ab70c41fe2a8c52886d9eb49caf3b299d76658ba7155bd2827