Sanskrit · Devanagari
अर्जुन उवाच। एवं सततयुक्ता ये भक्तास्त्वां पर्युपासते। ये चाप्यक्षरमव्यक्तं तेषां के योगवित्तमाः ॥
Sanskrit · IAST
arjuna uvāca evaṃ satatayuktā ye bhaktāstvāṃ paryupāsate ye cāpyakṣaramavyaktaṃ teṣāṃ ke yogavittamāḥ
English witness
Kashinath Trimbak Telang, 1882Of the worshippers, who thus, constantly devoted, meditate on you, and those who (meditate) on the unperceived and indestructible, which best know devotion? Those who being constantly devoted and possessed of the highest faith
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29 translations and commentaries are aligned to this verse. Choose up to three; the root verse and Telang witness stay above them.
Śaṅkarācārya
।।12.1।। --,एवम् इति अतीतानन्तरश्लोकेन उक्तम् अर्थं परामृशति मत्कर्मकृत् इत्यादिना। एवं सततयुक्ताः? नैरन्तर्येण भगवत्कर्मादौ यथोक्ते अर्थे समाहिताः सन्तः प्रवृत्ता इत्यर्थः। ये भक्ताः अनन्यशरणाः सन्तः त्वां यथादर्शितं विश्वरूपं पर्युपासते ध्यायन्ति ये चान्येऽपि त्यक्तसर्वैषणाः संन्यस्तसर्वकर्माणः यथाविशेषितं ब्रह्म अक्षरं निरस्तसर्वोपाधित्वात् अव्यक्तम् अकरणगोचरम्। यत् हि करणगोचरं तत् व्यक्तम् उच्यते? अञ्जेः धातोः तत्कर्मकत्वात् इदं तु अक्षरं तद्विपरीतम्? शिष्टैश्च उच्यमानैः विशेषणैः विशिष्टम्? तत् ये चापि पर्युपासते? तेषाम् उभयेषां मध्ये के योगवित्तमाः के अतिशयेन योगविदः इत्यर्थः।।श्रीभगवान् उवाच -- ये तु अक्षरोपासकाः सम्यग्दर्शिनः निवृत्तैषणाः? ते तावत् तिष्ठन्तु तान् प्रति यत् वक्तव्यम्? तत् उपरिष्टात् वक्ष्यामः। ये तु इतरे --,श्रीभगवानुवाच --,
eae40478de5f…Rāmānuja
12.1 Arjuna said These are two types of spiritual aspirants who are contrasted thus: (1) On the one hand there are those devotees who adore You 'thus'; namely, in the way taught in such text as 'Whosoever works for Me' (11.55), and who are desirous of being ever 'integrated' with You, namely, considering You as the supreme end. They adore You in utter devotion - You, the ocean of boundless attributes of limitless excellence like grace, affability, omniscience, true resolve etc., and endowed with all glory. (2) On the other hand there are those who meditate on the 'Imperishable', (Aksara) namely, the individual self in Its true nature, which is the same as the 'Unmanifest' (Avyakta), namely that whose nature cannot be grasped by organs such as the eye etc. The estion posed is: Which of these two classes of devotees have greater knowledge of Yoga? Who would reach their respective goals sooner? Such is the meaning of the estion. Sri Krsna clearly states later on, 'O Arjuna, I become before long their redeemer from the fatal sea of recurring births and deaths' (12.7), with reference to the speed with which the latter kind of devotees reach Him.
f0165275f741…Swami Sivananda
12.1 एवम् thus? सततयुक्ताः ever steadfast? ये who? भक्ताः devotees? त्वाम् Thee? पर्युपासते worship? ये who? च and? अपि also? अक्षरम् the imperishable? अव्यक्तम् the unmanifested? तेषाम् of them? के who? योगवित्तमाः better versed in Yoga.Commentary The twelfth discourse goes to prove that Bhakti Yoga or the Yoga of devotion is much easier than Jnana Yoga or the Yoga of knowledge. In Bhakti Yoga the devotee establishes a near and dear relationship with the Lord. He cultivates slowly and one of the five Bhavas (attitudes) according to his temperament? taste and capacity. The five attitudes are the Santa Bhava (the attitutde of peaceful adoration) Dasya Bhava (the attitude of servant towards the master) Sakhya Bhava (the attitude of a friend) Vatsalya Bhava (the attitude of a parent to the child) and Madhurya Bhava (the attitutde of the lover towards the beloved). The devotee adopts these attitudes towards the Lord. The last (Madhurya Bhava) is the culmination of devotion. It is merging or absorption in the Lord.The devotee adores the Lord. He constantly remembers Him (Smarana). He sings His Name (Kirtana). He speaks of His glories. He repeats His Name. He chants His Mantra (Japa). He prays and prostrates himself. He hears His Lilas (divine plays). He does total? ungrudging and unconditional selfsurrender? obtains His grace? hols communion wih? and eventually gets absorbed in Him.The devotee begins by worshipping the idols or the symbols of God. Then he performs internal worship of the Form. Ultimately he is led to the supreme worship of the allpervading Brahman (Para Puja).Thus As declared in the last verse of the previous chapter.Avyaktam The unmanifested? i.e.? incomprehensible to the senses? transcending all limiting adjuncts. The unmanifested Brahman is beyond all limitations. That which is visible to the senses is called Vyakta or manifest.The hearts of the devotees are wholly fixed on Thee. They worship Thee with all their heart and soul.There are others who worship the unmanifested Brahman which is beyond time? space and causation? which is attributeless? which is eternal and indefinable? which is beyond the reach of speech and mind. These are the wise sages.Of these two? the devotees and the men of knowledge -- who are the better knowers of Yoga (Cf.XI.55)
b9cbeecbe309…These supplied texts come from the pinned VedicScriptures dataset under GPL-3.0 and await independent alignment review.