Sanskrit · Devanagari
ज्योतिषामपि तज्ज्योतिस्तमसः परमुच्यते। ज्ञानं ज्ञेयं ज्ञानगम्यं हृदि सर्वस्य विष्ठितम् ॥
Sanskrit · IAST
jyotiṣāmapi tajjyotistamasaḥ paramucyate jñānaṃ jñeyaṃ jñānagamyaṃ hṛdi sarvasya viṣṭhitam
English witness
Kashinath Trimbak Telang, 1882it is said (to be) beyond darkness. It is knowledge, the object of knowledge, that which is to be attained to by knowledge, and placed in the heart of all.
This verse-level alignment is machine-assisted and awaits two independent human checks. Confidence signal: 78%.
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29 translations and commentaries are aligned to this verse. Choose up to three; the root verse and Telang witness stay above them.
Śaṅkarācārya
(13.18।। -- ज्योतिषाम् आदित्यादीनामपि तत् ज्ञेयं ज्योतिः। आत्मचैतन्यज्योतिषा इद्धानि हि आदित्यादीनि ज्योतींषि दीप्यन्ते? येन सूर्यस्तपति तेजसेद्धः तस्य भासा सर्वमिदं विभाति (श्वे0 उ0 6।14) इत्यादिश्रुतिभ्यः स्मृतेश्च इहैव -- यदादित्यगतं तेजः इत्यादेः। तमसः अज्ञानात् परम् अस्पृष्टम् उच्यते। ज्ञानादेः दुःसंपादनबुद्ध्या प्राप्तावसादस्य उत्तम्भनार्थमाह -- ज्ञानम् अमानित्वादि ज्ञेयम् ज्ञेयं यत् तत् प्रवक्ष्यामि (गीता 13।12) इत्यादिना उक्तम् ज्ञानगम्यम् ज्ञेयमेव ज्ञातं सत् ज्ञानफलमिति ज्ञानगम्यमुच्यते ज्ञायमानं तु ज्ञेयम्। तत् एतत् त्रयमपि हृदि बुद्धौ सर्वस्य प्राणिजातस्य विष्ठितं विशेषेण स्थिम्। तत्रैव हि त्रयं विभाव्यते।।यथोक्तार्थोपसंहारार्थः अयं श्लोकः आरभ्यते --,
8ba0d4f9afce…Rāmānuja
13.18 This (self) alone is the 'light' which illuminates things like the sun, a lamp, a gem etc. It is knowledge alone in the form of the effulgence of the self which illuminates a lamp, the sun etc. But a lamp etc., dispel the darkness that intervenes between the sense of sight and its subject. Their illuminating power is limited to this extent. This is said to be beyond Tamas (darkness). The term Tamas denotes Prakrti in its subtle state. The meaning is that the self transcends Prakrti. Therefore, It is to be comprehended as knowledge, i.e., to be understood as of the form of knowledge. It is attainable by means of knowledge - such as modesty etc., already described. It is present in the heart of all, i.e., It is specially settled, or present in the heart of all beings like men etc.
c8e228d70352…Swami Sivananda
13.18 ज्योतिषाम् of lights? अपि even? तत् That? ज्योतिः Light? तमसः from darkness? परम् beyond? उच्यते is said (to be)? ज्ञानम् knowledge? ज्ञेयम् that which is to be known? ज्ञानगम्यम् attainable by knowledge? हृदि in the heart? सर्वस्य of all? विष्ठितम् seated.Commentary The Supreme Self illumines the intellect? the mind? the sun? moon? stars? fire and lightning. It is selfluminous? The sun does not shine there? nor do the moon and the stars? nor do these lightnings shine and much less this fire. When It shines? everything shines after It all these shine by Its Light. (Kathopanishad 5.15 also Svetasvataropanishad 6.14)Knowledge Such as humility. (Cf.XIII.7to11)The knowable As described in verses 12 to 7.The goal of knowledge? i.e.? capable of being understood by wisdom.These three are installed in the heart (Buddhi) of every living being. Though the light of the sun shines in all objects? yet the suns light shines more brilliantly in all bright and clean objects such as a mirror. Even so? though Brahman is present in all objects? the intellect shines with special effulgence received from Brahman. (Cf.X.20XIII.3XVIII.61)
e02faf4a6167…These supplied texts come from the pinned VedicScriptures dataset under GPL-3.0 and await independent alignment review.