Sanskrit · Devanagari
य एवं वेत्ति पुरुषं प्रकृतिं च गुणैः सह। सर्वथा वर्तमानोऽपि न स भूयोऽभिजायते ॥
Sanskrit · IAST
ya evaṃ vetti puruṣaṃ prakṛtiṃ ca guṇaiḥ saha sarvathā vartamāno.api na sa bhūyo.abhijāyate
English witness
Kashinath Trimbak Telang, 1882He who thus knows nature and spirit, together with the qualities, is not born again, however living.
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29 translations and commentaries are aligned to this verse. Choose up to three; the root verse and Telang witness stay above them.
Śaṅkarācārya
।।13.24।। --,यः एवं यथोक्तप्रकारेण वेत्ति पुरुषं साक्षात् अहमिति प्रकृतिं च यथोक्ताम् अविद्यालक्षणां गुणैः स्वविकारैः सह निवर्तिताम् अभावम् आपादितां विद्यया? सर्वथा सर्वप्रकारेण वर्तमानोऽपि सः भूयः पुनः पतिते अस्मिन् विद्वच्छरीरे देहान्तराय न अभिजायते न उत्पद्यते? देहान्तरं न गृह्णाति इत्यर्थः। अपिशब्दात् किमु वक्तव्यं स्ववृत्तस्थो न जायते इति अभिप्रायः।।ननु? यद्यपि ज्ञानोत्पत्त्यनन्तरं पुनर्जन्माभाव उक्तः? तथापि प्राक् ज्ञानोत्पत्तेः कृतानां कर्मणाम् उत्तरकालभाविनां च? यानि च अतिक्रान्तानेकजन्मकृतानि तेषां च? फलमदत्त्वा नाशो न युक्त इति? स्युः त्रीणि जन्मानि? कृतविप्रणाशो हि न युक्त इति? यथा फले प्रवृत्तानाम् आरब्धजन्मनां कर्मणाम्। न च कर्मणां विशेषः अवगम्यते। तस्मात् त्रिप्रकाराण्यपि कर्माणि त्रीणि जन्मानि आरभेरन् संहतानि वा सर्वाणि एकं जन्म आरभेरन्। अन्यथा कृतविनाशे सति सर्वत्र अनाश्वासप्रसङ्गः? शास्त्रानर्थक्यं च स्यात्। इत्यतः इदमयुक्तमुक्तम् न स भूयोऽभिजायते इति। न क्षीयन्ते चास्य कर्माणि (मु0 उ0 2।2।8) ब्रह्म वेद ब्रह्मैव भवति (मु0 उ0 3।2।9) तस्य तावदेव चिरम् (छा0 उ0 6।14।2) इषीकातूलवत् सर्वाणि कर्माणि प्रदूयन्ते (छा0 उ0 5।24।3) इत्यादिश्रुतिशतेभ्यः उक्तो विदुषः सर्वकर्मदाहः। इहापि च उक्तः यथैधांसि इत्यादिना सर्वकर्मदाहः? वक्ष्यति च। उपपत्तेश्च -- अविद्याकामक्लेशबीजनिमित्तानि हि कर्माणि जन्मान्तराङ्कुरम् आरभन्ते इहापि च साहंकाराभिसंधीनि कर्माणि फलारम्भकाणि? न इतराणि इति तत्र तत्र भगवता उक्तम्। बीजान्यग्न्युपदग्धानि न रोहन्ति यथा पुनः। ज्ञानदग्धैस्तथा क्लेशैर्नात्मा संपद्यते पुनः इति च। अस्तु तावत् ज्ञानोत्पत्त्युत्तरकालकृतानां कर्मणां ज्ञानेन दाहः ज्ञानसहभावित्वात्। न तु इह जन्मनि ज्ञानोत्पत्तेः प्राक् कृतानां कर्मणां अतीतजन्मकृतानां च दाहः युक्तः। न सर्वकर्माणि इति विशेषणात्। ज्ञानोत्तरकालभाविनामेव सर्वकर्मणाम् इति चेत्? न संकोचे कारणानुपपत्तेः। यत्तु उक्तम् यथा वर्तमानजन्मारम्भकाणि कर्माणि न क्षीयन्ते फलदानाय प्रवृत्तान्येव सत्यपि ज्ञाने? तथा अनारब्धफलानामपि कर्मणां क्षयो न युक्तः इति? तत् असत्। कथम् तेषां मुक्तेषुवत् प्रवृत्तफलत्वात्। यथा पूर्वं लक्ष्यवेधाय मुक्तः इषुः धनुषः लक्ष्यवेधोत्तरकालमपि आरब्धवेगक्षयात् पतनेनैव निवर्तते? एवं शरीरारम्भकं कर्म शरीरस्थितिप्रयोजने निवृत्तेऽपि? आ संस्कारवेगक्षयात् पूर्ववत् वर्तते एव। यथा स एव इषुः प्रवृत्तिनिमित्तानारब्धवेगस्तु अमुक्तो धनुषि प्रयुक्तोऽपि उपसंह्रियते? तथा अनारब्धफलानि कर्माणि स्वाश्रयस्थान्येव ज्ञानेन निर्बीजीक्रियन्ते इति? पतिते अस्मिन् विद्वच्छरीरे न स भूयोऽभिजायते इति युक्तमेव उक्तमिति सिद्धम्।।अत्र आत्मदर्शने उपायविकल्पाः इमे ध्यानादयः उच्यन्ते --,
9dd6551304b9…Rāmānuja
13.24 He who 'understands', namely, knows truly with discrimination, the self to be thus, and also the Prakrti as having the aforesaid nature along with Sattva and other Gunas, whose nature will be later examined, is never born again, i.e., is never rorn conjointly with Prakrti again in 'whatever state he may be placed,' i.e., in whatever painful condition he may be placed in the bodies of divinities, men etc. The meaning is that at the time when the body ceases to exist, the self will attain the purified state characterised by boundless knowledge devoid of evil.
190e658d2431…Swami Sivananda
13.24 यः who? एवम् thus? वेत्ति knows? पुरुषम् Purusha? प्रकृतिम् Prakriti? च and? गुणैः alities? सह with? सर्वथा in all ways? वर्तमानः living? अपि also? न not? सः he? भूयः again? अभिजायते is born.Commentary One who knows the Soul and Nature with its alities? whatever his conduct may be? frees himself from the cycle of births and deaths. Such is the advantage he gains from the discriminative knowledge of Spirit and Matter. He knows that he is eternal and changeless and that all changes are due to the modifications of Nature on account of its alities. The self through ignorance identifies itself with the body and suffers rirth.In whatsoever condition he may be? whether he is engaged in prescribed or forbidden acts (like Indra who killed the Purohita Visvarupa and many Sannyasins)? he is not born again? because the,actions (which are the seeds of rirth)? of one who knows the Spirit and Matter? who has gained the knowledge of the Self? are burnt by the fire of that knowledge. Just as the seeds that are fried in fire do not sprout again? so also the actions burnt in the fire of knowledge cannot produce new bodies or further births. In his case they are Karmabhasa (mere semblance of Karma). They are not effective causes and cannot produce further births. A burnt cloth cannot serve the purpose of the cloth.Those actions which are done with egoism and desire (expectation of fruits) will produce fruits or results. In the case of a wise man? the seeds of evil? viz.? ignorance? egoism? attachment? etc.? are burnt by the fire of knowledge. Therefore he cannot have rirths.The Karmas (Prarabdha) which have already started their operation by producing this present birth do not perish? notwithstanding the dawn of the knowledge of the Self. When an arrow is once sent out from a bow at a mark? it pierces the mark and continues to act till it falls to the ground when the full force with which it was dischared is exhausted. Even so the Prarabdha Karma which has given rise to the body continues to act till the inherent force is fully exhausted? although the sage has attained Selfrealisation through his body. But he is not in the least affected by this? because he has no identification with the body? and as he has identified himelf with Brahman or the Absolute. If a carbuncle or cancer arises in the body on account of Prarabdha Karma? he will not suffer a bit as he has risen above bodyconsciousness? and as he stands as a witness of his body. But a bystander or a spectator wrongly imagines that the liberated sage is also suffering like an ordinary worldly man. This is a serious and sad mistake. From the viewpoint of the liberated sage he has neither body nor Prarabdha Karma.An arrow that is placed ready on the bow but not discharged with force can be withdrawn. Similarly? the Karmas which have not begun to generate their fruits or effects can be neutralised or destroyed by the knowledge of the Self. Therefore it is proper to say that the liberated sage is not born again. He will not take another body when the body through which he attained knowledge perishes. As ignorance? the cause of this body? is destroyed by the knowledge of the Self? birth? the effect of ignorance? is also destroyed. As one takes birth through virtuous and vicious actions? a sage will not take birth as his virtuous and visiouc actions (the whole Sanchita or accumulated Karmas of his previous births) are destroyed by the knowledge of the Self. The Karmas done by him after he has attained Selfrealisation cannot touch him at all as he has neither egoism (agency) nor desires. (Cf.XIII.32)
43bfd948c179…These supplied texts come from the pinned VedicScriptures dataset under GPL-3.0 and await independent alignment review.