Sanskrit · Devanagari
पञ्चैतानि महाबाहो कारणानि निबोध मे। साङ्ख्ये कृतान्ते प्रोक्तानि सिद्धये सर्वकर्मणाम् ॥
Sanskrit · IAST
pañcaitāni mahābāho kāraṇāni nibodha me sāṅkhye kṛtānte proktāni siddhaye sarvakarmaṇām
English witness
Kashinath Trimbak Telang, 1882Learn from me, O you of mighty arms! these five causes of the completion of all actions, declared in the Sāṅkhya system.
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29 translations and commentaries are aligned to this verse. Choose up to three; the root verse and Telang witness stay above them.
Śaṅkarācārya
।।18.13।। -- पञ्च एतानि वक्ष्यमाणानि हे महाबाहो? कारणानि निर्वर्तकानि निबोध मे मम इति। उत्तरत्र चेतःसमाधानार्थम्? वस्तुवैषम्यप्रदर्शनार्थं च। तानि च कारणानि ज्ञातव्यतया स्तौति -- सांख्ये ज्ञातव्याः पदार्थाः संख्यायन्ते यस्मिन् शास्त्रे तत् सांख्यं वेदान्तः। कृतान्ते इति तस्यैव विशेषणम्। कृतम् इति कर्म उच्यते? तस्य अन्तः परिसमाप्तिः यत्र सः कृतान्तः? कर्मान्तः इत्येतत्। यावानर्थ उदपाने (गीता 2।46) सर्वं कर्माखिलं पार्थ ज्ञाने परिसमाप्यते (गीता 4।33) इति आत्मज्ञाने सञ्जाते सर्वकर्मणां निवृत्तिं दर्शयति। अतः तस्मिन् आत्मज्ञानार्थे सांख्ये कृतान्ते वेदान्ते प्रोक्तानि कथितानि सिद्धये निष्पत्त्यर्थं सर्वकर्मणाम्।।कानि तानीति? उच्यते --,
46918a0c0e45…Rāmānuja
18.13 'Sankhya' means Buddhi (reasoning). 'Sankhya-krtanta' means that which is determined after due deliberations by the Buddhi in accordance with the Vedas on the nature of the things as they are. Learn them from Me. There are five causes for the accomplishment of all actions. But the understanding according to the Vedas (Vaidiki-buddhi) is that the Supreme Self alone is the agent working through body, senses, Pranas and the individual self, as asserted in the following Srutis: 'He who, dwelling in the self, who rules the self from within your self, the Inner Ruler, immortal' (Br. U. Madh., 3.7.22), and 'He who has penetrated the interior, is the Ruler of all creatures and the Self of all' (Tai. A., 3.11.3). Sri Krsna nows sets forth the five causes:
668129c55618…Swami Sivananda
18.13 पञ्च five? एतानि these? महाबाहो O mightyarmed? कारणानि causes? निबोध learn? मे from Me? सांख्ये in the Sankhya? कृतान्ते which is the end of all actions? प्रोक्तानि as declared? सिद्धये for the accomplishment? सर्वकर्मणाम् of all actions.Commentary The Self has no connection whatevr with activity. Nature does everything. The Self is the silent witness. He remains indifferent. The whole superstructure of human activity is the result of the five welldefined causes which are enumerated in the following verse.Etani These Which are going to be mentioned.Sankhya Vedanta Knowledge of the Self as taught in the Vedanta (the Upanishads) puts an end to all actions. This is the reason why the term Kritante (the end of actions) is used here. When the knowledge of the Self arises? all actions terminate. This is taught in chapter II? verse 46 To the Brahman who has known the Self al the Vedas are of so much use as is a reservoir of water in a place where there is a flood everywhere. Again? in verse 33 of chapter IV? it is said All actions in their entirety? O Arjuna? culminate in knowledge. Vedanta? therefore? which imparts knowledge of the Self? is the end of action. A liberated sage who has attained the knowledge of the Self in accordance with the instructions laid down in the Vedanta becomes a Kritakritya (one who has done everything and has nothing more to do).
6fbddb9fcd54…These supplied texts come from the pinned VedicScriptures dataset under GPL-3.0 and await independent alignment review.