18.1Arjunaअर्जुन उवाच।
संन्यासस्य महाबाहो तत्त्वमिच्छामि वेदितुम्।
त्यागस्य च हृषीकेश पृथक्केशिनिषूदन ॥
arjuna uvāca
saṃnyāsasya mahābāho tattvamicchāmi veditum
tyāgasya ca hṛṣīkeśa pṛthakkeśiniṣūdana
O you of mighty arms! O Hṛṣīkeśa! O destroyer of Keśin! I wish to know the truth about renunciation and abandonment distinctly.
Read verse →18.2Krishnaश्रीभगवानुवाच।
काम्यानां कर्मणां न्यासं संन्यासं कवयो विदुः।
सर्वकर्मफलत्यागं प्राहुस्त्यागं विचक्षणाः ॥
śrībhagavānuvāca
kāmyānāṃ karmaṇāṃ nyāsaṃ saṃnyāsaṃ kavayo viduḥ
sarvakarmaphalatyāgaṃ prāhustyāgaṃ vicakṣaṇāḥ
By renunciation the sages understand the rejection of actions done with desires. The wise call the abandonment of the fruit of all actions (by the name) abandonment.
Read verse →18.3Krishnaत्याज्यं दोषवदित्येके कर्म प्राहुर्मनीषिणः।
यज्ञदानतपःकर्म न त्याज्यमिति चापरे ॥
tyājyaṃ doṣavadityeke karma prāhurmanīṣiṇaḥ
yajñadānatapaḥkarma na tyājyamiti cāpare
Some wise men say, that action should be abandoned as being full of evil and others that the actions of sacrifice gift
Read verse →18.4Krishnaनिश्चयं शृणु मे तत्र त्यागे भरतसत्तम।
त्यागो हि पुरुषव्याघ्र त्रिविधः सम्प्रकीर्तितः ॥
niścayaṃ śṛṇu me tatra tyāge bharatasattama
tyāgo hi puruṣavyāghra trividhaḥ samprakīrtitaḥ
and penance should not be abandoned. As to that abandonment O best of the descendants of Bharata! listen to my decision for abandonment, O bravest of men! is described (to be) threefold.
Read verse →18.5Krishnaयज्ञदानतपःकर्म न त्याज्यं कार्यमेव तत्।
यज्ञो दानं तपश्चैव पावनानि मनीषिणाम् ॥
yajñadānatapaḥkarma na tyājyaṃ kāryameva tat
yajño dānaṃ tapaścaiva pāvanāni manīṣiṇām
The actions of sacrifice, gift, and penance should not be abandoned they must needs be performed
Read verse →18.6Krishnaएतान्यपि तु कर्माणि सङ्गं त्यक्त्वा फलानि च।
कर्तव्यानीति मे पार्थ निश्चितं मतमुत्तमम् ॥
etānyapi tu karmāṇi saṅgaṃ tyaktvā phalāni ca
kartavyānīti me pārtha niścitaṃ matamuttamam
for sacrifices, gifts, and penances are means of sanctification to the wise. But even these actions, O son of Pṛthā! should be performed, abandoning attachment and fruit such is my excellent and decided opinion.
Read verse →18.7Krishnaनियतस्य तु संन्यासः कर्मणो नोपपद्यते।
मोहात्तस्य परित्यागस्तामसः परिकीर्तितः ॥
niyatasya tu saṃnyāsaḥ karmaṇo nopapadyate
mohāttasya parityāgastāmasaḥ parikīrtitaḥ
The renunciation of prescribed action is not proper. Its abandonment through delusion is described as of the quality of darkness. When a man abandons action merely as being troublesome
Read verse →18.8Krishnaदुःखमित्येव यत्कर्म कायक्लेशभयात्त्यजेत्।
स कृत्वा राजसं त्यागं नैव त्यागफलं लभेत् ॥
duḥkhamityeva yatkarma kāyakleśabhayāttyajet
sa kṛtvā rājasaṃ tyāgaṃ naiva tyāgaphalaṃ labhet
through fear of bodily affliction
Read verse →18.9Krishnaकार्यमित्येव यत्कर्म नियतं क्रियतेऽर्जुन।
सङ्गं त्यक्त्वा फलं चैव स त्यागः सात्त्विको मतः ॥
kāryamityeva yatkarma niyataṃ kriyate.arjuna
saṅgaṃ tyaktvā phalaṃ caiva sa tyāgaḥ sāttviko mataḥ
he does not obtain the fruit of abandonment by making (such) passionate abandonment. When prescribed action is performed O Arjuna ! abandoning attachment and fruit also merely because it ought to be performed that is deemed (to be) a good abandonment. He who is possessed of abandonment being full of goodness and talented and having
Read verse →18.10Krishnaन द्वेष्ट्यकुशलं कर्म कुशले नानुषज्जते।
त्यागी सत्त्वसमाविष्टो मेधावी छिन्नसंशयः ॥
na dveṣṭyakuśalaṃ karma kuśale nānuṣajjate
tyāgī sattvasamāviṣṭo medhāvī chinnasaṃśayaḥ
his doubts destroyed
Read verse →18.11Krishnaन हि देहभृता शक्यं त्यक्तुं कर्माण्यशेषतः।
यस्तु कर्मफलत्यागी स त्यागीत्यभिधीयते ॥
na hi dehabhṛtā śakyaṃ tyaktuṃ karmāṇyaśeṣataḥ
yastu karmaphalatyāgī sa tyāgītyabhidhīyate
is not averse from unpleasant actions is not attached to pleasant (ones). Since no embodied (being) can abandon actions without exception, he is said to be possessed of abandonment, who abandons the fruit of action.
Read verse →18.12Krishnaअनिष्टमिष्टं मिश्रं च त्रिविधं कर्मणः फलम्।
भवत्यत्यागिनां प्रेत्य न तु संन्यासिनां क्वचित् ॥
aniṣṭamiṣṭaṃ miśraṃ ca trividhaṃ karmaṇaḥ phalam
bhavatyatyāgināṃ pretya na tu saṃnyāsināṃ kvacit
The threefold fruit of action, agreeable, disagreeable, and mixed, accrues after death to those who are not possessed of abandonment, but never to renouncers.
Read verse →18.13Krishnaपञ्चैतानि महाबाहो कारणानि निबोध मे।
साङ्ख्ये कृतान्ते प्रोक्तानि सिद्धये सर्वकर्मणाम् ॥
pañcaitāni mahābāho kāraṇāni nibodha me
sāṅkhye kṛtānte proktāni siddhaye sarvakarmaṇām
Learn from me, O you of mighty arms! these five causes of the completion of all actions, declared in the Sāṅkhya system.
Read verse →18.14Krishnaअधिष्ठानं तथा कर्ता करणं च पृथग्विधम्।
विविधाश्च पृथक्चेष्टा दैवं चैवात्र पञ्चमम् ॥
adhiṣṭhānaṃ tathā kartā karaṇaṃ ca pṛthagvidham
vividhāśca pṛthakceṣṭā daivaṃ caivātra pañcamam
The substratum, the agent likewise, the various sorts of organs, and the various and distinct movements, and with these the deities, too, as the fifth. Whatever action just or otherwise
Read verse →18.15Krishnaशरीरवाङ्मनोभिर्यत्कर्म प्रारभते नरः।
न्याय्यं वा विपरीतं वा पञ्चैते तस्य हेतवः ॥
śarīravāṅmanobhiryatkarma prārabhate naraḥ
nyāyyaṃ vā viparītaṃ vā pañcaite tasya hetavaḥ
a man performs with his body speech and mind these five are its causes. That being so the undiscerning man
Read verse →18.16Krishnaतत्रैवं सति कर्तारमात्मानं केवलं तु यः।
पश्यत्यकृतबुद्धित्वान्न स पश्यति दुर्मतिः ॥
tatraivaṃ sati kartāramātmānaṃ kevalaṃ tu yaḥ
paśyatyakṛtabuddhitvānna sa paśyati durmatiḥ
who being of an unrefined understanding sees the agent in the immaculate self
Read verse →18.17Krishnaयस्य नाहंकृतो भावो बुद्धिर्यस्य न लिप्यते।
हत्वाऽपि स इमाँल्लोकान्न हन्ति न निबध्यते ॥
yasya nāhaṃkṛto bhāvo buddhiryasya na lipyate
hatvā.api sa imā.Nllokānna hanti na nibadhyate
sees not (rightly). He who has no feeling of egoism, and whose mind is not tainted, even though he kills (all) these people, kills not, is not fettered, (by the action).
Read verse →18.18Krishnaज्ञानं ज्ञेयं परिज्ञाता त्रिविधा कर्मचोदना।
करणं कर्म कर्तेति त्रिविधः कर्मसंग्रहः ॥
jñānaṃ jñeyaṃ parijñātā trividhā karmacodanā
karaṇaṃ karma karteti trividhaḥ karmasaṃgrahaḥ
Knowledge, the object of knowledge, the knower—threefold is the prompting to action. The instrument, the action, the agent, thus in brief is action threefold.
Read verse →18.19Krishnaज्ञानं कर्म च कर्ताच त्रिधैव गुणभेदतः।
प्रोच्यते गुणसङ्ख्याने यथावच्छृणु तान्यपि ॥
jñānaṃ karma ca kartāca tridhaiva guṇabhedataḥ
procyate guṇasaṅkhyāne yathāvacchṛṇu tānyapi
Knowledge and action and agent are declared in the enumeration of qualities (to be) of three classes only, according to the difference of qualities. Hear about these also as they really are.
Read verse →18.20Krishnaसर्वभूतेषु येनैकं भावमव्ययमीक्षते।
अविभक्तं विभक्तेषु तज्ज्ञानं विद्धि सात्त्विकम् ॥
sarvabhūteṣu yenaikaṃ bhāvamavyayamīkṣate
avibhaktaṃ vibhakteṣu tajjñānaṃ viddhi sāttvikam
Know that knowledge to be good, by which (a man) sees one entity, inexhaustible, and not different in all things (apparently) different (from one another).
Read verse →18.21Krishnaपृथक्त्वेन तु यज्ज्ञानं नानाभावान्पृथग्विधान्।
वेत्ति सर्वेषु भूतेषु तज्ज्ञानं विद्धि राजसम् ॥
pṛthaktvena tu yajjñānaṃ nānābhāvānpṛthagvidhān
vetti sarveṣu bhūteṣu tajjñānaṃ viddhi rājasam
Know that knowledge to be passionate which is (based) on distinctions (between different entities) which sees in all things various entities of different kinds. And that is described as dark
Read verse →18.22Krishnaयत्तु कृत्स्नवदेकस्मिन्कार्ये सक्तमहैतुकम्।
अतत्त्वार्थवदल्पं च तत्तामसमुदाहृतम् ॥
yattu kṛtsnavadekasminkārye saktamahaitukam
atattvārthavadalpaṃ ca tattāmasamudāhṛtam
which clings to one created (thing) only as everything which is devoid of reason devoid of real principle
Read verse →18.23Krishnaनियतं सङ्गरहितमरागद्वेषतः कृतम्।
अफलप्रेप्सुना कर्म यत्तत्सात्त्विकमुच्यते ॥
niyataṃ saṅgarahitamarāgadveṣataḥ kṛtam
aphalaprepsunā karma yattatsāttvikamucyate
and insignificant. That action is called good which is prescribed which is devoid of attachment which is not done from (motives of) affection or aversion, (and which is done) by one not wishing for the fruit. That is described as passionate
Read verse →18.24Krishnaयत्तु कामेप्सुना कर्म साहंकारेण वा पुनः।
क्रियते बहुलायासं तद्राजसमुदाहृतम् ॥
yattu kāmepsunā karma sāhaṃkāreṇa vā punaḥ
kriyate bahulāyāsaṃ tadrājasamudāhṛtam
which (occasions) much trouble is performed by one who wishes for objects of desire or one who is full of egotism. The action is called dark which is commenced through delusion without regard to consequences
Read verse →18.25Krishnaअनुबन्धं क्षयं हिंसामनपेक्ष्य च पौरुषम्।
मोहादारभ्यते कर्म यत्तत्तामसमुच्यते ॥
anubandhaṃ kṣayaṃ hiṃsāmanapekṣya ca pauruṣam
mohādārabhyate karma yattattāmasamucyate
loss injury
Read verse →18.26Krishnaमुक्तसङ्गोऽनहंवादी धृत्युत्साहसमन्वितः।
सिद्ध्यसिद्ध्योर्निर्विकारः कर्ता सात्त्विक उच्यते ॥
muktasaṅgo.anahaṃvādī dhṛtyutsāhasamanvitaḥ
siddhyasiddhyornirvikāraḥ kartā sāttvika ucyate
or strength. That agent is called good who has cast off attachment who is free from egotistic talk who is possessed of courage and energy and unaffected by success or ill-success. That agent is called passionate who is full of affections
Read verse →18.27Krishnaरागी कर्मफलप्रेप्सुर्लुब्धो हिंसात्मकोऽशुचिः।
हर्षशोकान्वितः कर्ता राजसः परिकीर्तितः ॥
rāgī karmaphalaprepsurlubdho hiṃsātmako.aśuciḥ
harṣaśokānvitaḥ kartā rājasaḥ parikīrtitaḥ
who wishes for the fruit of actions who is covetous cruel and impure and feels joy and sorrow. That agent is called dark
Read verse →18.28Krishnaअयुक्तः प्राकृतः स्तब्धः शठो नैष्कृतिकोऽलसः।
विषादी दीर्घसूत्री च कर्ता तामस उच्यते ॥
ayuktaḥ prākṛtaḥ stabdhaḥ śaṭho naiṣkṛtiko.alasaḥ
viṣādī dīrghasūtrī ca kartā tāmasa ucyate
who is without application void of discernment headstrong crafty malicious lazy
Read verse →18.29Krishnaबुद्धेर्भेदं धृतेश्चैव गुणतस्त्रिविधं शृणु।
प्रोच्यमानमशेषेण पृथक्त्वेन धनञ्जय ॥
buddherbhedaṃ dhṛteścaiva guṇatastrividhaṃ śṛṇu
procyamānamaśeṣeṇa pṛthaktvena dhanañjaya
melancholy and slow. Now hear O Dhanañjaya ! the threefold division of intelligence and courage according to qualities which I am about to declare exhaustively and distinctly. That intelligence
Read verse →18.30Krishnaप्रवृत्तिं च निवृत्तिं च कार्याकार्ये भयाभये।
बन्धं मोक्षं च या वेत्ति बुद्धिः सा पार्थ सात्त्विकी ॥
pravṛttiṃ ca nivṛttiṃ ca kāryākārye bhayābhaye
bandhaṃ mokṣaṃ ca yā vetti buddhiḥ sā pārtha sāttvikī
O son of Pṛthā! is good which understands action and inaction what ought to be done and what ought not to be done danger and the absence of danger emancipation and bondage. That intelligence O son of Pṛthā! is passionate
Read verse →18.31Krishnaयया धर्ममधर्मं च कार्यं चाकार्यमेव च।
अयथावत्प्रजानाति बुद्धिः सा पार्थ राजसी ॥
yayā dharmamadharmaṃ ca kāryaṃ cākāryameva ca
ayathāvatprajānāti buddhiḥ sā pārtha rājasī
by which one imperfectly understands piety and impiety what ought to be done and also what ought not to be done. That intelligence O son of Pṛthā! is dark which shrouded by darkness
Read verse →18.32Krishnaअधर्मं धर्ममिति या मन्यते तमसावृता।
सर्वार्थान्विपरीतांश्च बुद्धिः सा पार्थ तामसी ॥
adharmaṃ dharmamiti yā manyate tamasāvṛtā
sarvārthānviparītāṃśca buddhiḥ sā pārtha tāmasī
understands impiety (to be) piety and all things incorrectly. That courage O son of Pṛthā! is good courage which is unswerving and by which one controls the operations of the mind breath
Read verse →18.33Krishnaधृत्या यया धारयते मनःप्राणेन्द्रियक्रियाः।
योगेनाव्यभिचारिण्या धृतिः सा पार्थ सात्त्विकी ॥
dhṛtyā yayā dhārayate manaḥprāṇendriyakriyāḥ
yogenāvyabhicāriṇyā dhṛtiḥ sā pārtha sāttvikī
and senses
Read verse →18.34Krishnaयया तु धर्मकामार्थान्धृत्या धारयतेऽर्जुन।
प्रसङ्गेन फलाकाङ्क्षी धृतिः सा पार्थ राजसी ॥
yayā tu dharmakāmārthāndhṛtyā dhārayate.arjuna
prasaṅgena phalākāṅkṣī dhṛtiḥ sā pārtha rājasī
through abstraction. But O Arjuna! that courage is passionate by which one adheres to piety lust and wealth and through attachment wishes O son of Pṛthā! for the fruit That courage is dark
Read verse →18.35Krishnaयया स्वप्नं भयं शोकं विषादं मदमेव च।
न विमुञ्चति दुर्मेधा धृतिः सा पार्थ तामसी ॥
yayā svapnaṃ bhayaṃ śokaṃ viṣādaṃ madameva ca
na vimuñcati durmedhā dhṛtiḥ sā pārtha tāmasī
O son of Pṛthā! by which an undiscerning man does not give up sleep fear sorrow despondency and folly.
Read verse →18.36Krishnaसुखं त्विदानीं त्रिविधं शृणु मे भरतर्षभ।
अभ्यासाद्रमते यत्र दुःखान्तं च निगच्छति ॥
sukhaṃ tvidānīṃ trividhaṃ śṛṇu me bharatarṣabha
abhyāsādramate yatra duḥkhāntaṃ ca nigacchati
Now
Read verse →18.37Krishnaयत्तदग्रे विषमिव परिणामेऽमृतोपमम्।
तत्सुखं सात्त्विकं प्रोक्तमात्मबुद्धिप्रसादजम् ॥
yattadagre viṣamiva pariṇāme.amṛtopamam
tatsukhaṃ sāttvikaṃ proktamātmabuddhiprasādajam
O chief of the descendants of Bharata! bear from me about the three sorts of happiness. That happiness is called good in which one is pleased after repetition (of enjoyment) and reaches the close of all misery which is like poison first and comparable to nectar in the long run and which is produced from a clear knowledge of the self. That happiness is called passionate
Read verse →18.38Krishnaविषयेन्द्रियसंयोगाद्यत्तदग्रेऽमृतोपमम्।
परिणामे विषमिव तत्सुखं राजसं स्मृतम् ॥
viṣayendriyasaṃyogādyattadagre.amṛtopamam
pariṇāme viṣamiva tatsukhaṃ rājasaṃ smṛtam
which (flows) from contact between the senses and their objects and which is at first comparable to nectar and in the long run like poison. That happiness is described as dark which arises from sleep laziness
Read verse →18.39Krishnaयदग्रे चानुबन्धे च सुखं मोहनमात्मनः।
निद्रालस्यप्रमादोत्थं तत्तामसमुदाहृतम् ॥
yadagre cānubandhe ca sukhaṃ mohanamātmanaḥ
nidrālasyapramādotthaṃ tattāmasamudāhṛtam
heedlessness which deludes the self
Read verse →18.40Krishnaन तदस्ति पृथिव्यां वा दिवि देवेषु वा पुनः।
सत्त्वं प्रकृतिजैर्मुक्तं यदेभिः स्यात्त्रिभिर्गुणैः ॥
na tadasti pṛthivyāṃ vā divi deveṣu vā punaḥ
sattvaṃ prakṛtijairmuktaṃ yadebhiḥ syāttribhirguṇaiḥ
both at first and in its consequences. There is no entity either on earth or in heaven among the gods, which is free from these three qualities born of nature.
Read verse →18.41Krishnaब्राह्मणक्षत्रियविशां शूद्राणां च परन्तप।
कर्माणि प्रविभक्तानि स्वभावप्रभवैर्गुणैः ॥
brāhmaṇakṣatriyaviśāṃ śūdrāṇāṃ ca parantapa
karmāṇi pravibhaktāni svabhāvaprabhavairguṇaiḥ
The duties of Brāhmaṇas, Kṣatriyas , and Vaiśyas , and of Śūdras, too, O terror of your foes! are distinguished according to the qualities born of nature.
Read verse →18.42Krishnaशमो दमस्तपः शौचं क्षान्तिरार्जवमेव च।
ज्ञानं विज्ञानमास्तिक्यं ब्रह्मकर्म स्वभावजम् ॥
śamo damastapaḥ śaucaṃ kṣāntirārjavameva ca
jñānaṃ vijñānamāstikyaṃ brahmakarma svabhāvajam
Tranquillity, restraint of the senses, penance, purity, forgiveness, straightforwardness, also knowledge, experience, and belief (in a future world), this is the natural duty of Brāhmaṇas.
Read verse →18.43Krishnaशौर्यं तेजो धृतिर्दाक्ष्यं युद्धे चाप्यपलायनम्।
दानमीश्वरभावश्च क्षात्रं कर्म स्वभावजम् ॥
śauryaṃ tejo dhṛtirdākṣyaṃ yuddhe cāpyapalāyanam
dānamīśvarabhāvaśca kṣātraṃ karma svabhāvajam
Valour, glory, Courage, dexterity, not slinking away from battle, gifts, exercise of lordly power, this is the natural duty of Kṣatriyas.
Read verse →18.44Krishnaकृषिगौरक्ष्यवाणिज्यं वैश्यकर्म स्वभावजम्।
परिचर्यात्मकं कर्म शूद्रस्यापि स्वभावजम् ॥
kṛṣigaurakṣyavāṇijyaṃ vaiśyakarma svabhāvajam
paricaryātmakaṃ karma śūdrasyāpi svabhāvajam
Agriculture, tending cattle, trade, (this) is the natural duty of Vaiśyas, And the natural duty of Śūdras, too, consists in service. (Every) man intent on his own respective duties obtains perfection.
Read verse →18.45Krishnaस्वे स्वे कर्मण्यभिरतः संसिद्धिं लभते नरः।
स्वकर्मनिरतः सिद्धिं यथा विन्दति तच्छृणु ॥
sve sve karmaṇyabhirataḥ saṃsiddhiṃ labhate naraḥ
svakarmanirataḥ siddhiṃ yathā vindati tacchṛṇu
Listen, now, how one intent on one's own duty obtains perfection.
Read verse →18.46Krishnaयतः प्रवृत्तिर्भूतानां येन सर्वमिदं ततम्।
स्वकर्मणा तमभ्यर्च्य सिद्धिं विन्दति मानवः ॥
yataḥ pravṛttirbhūtānāṃ yena sarvamidaṃ tatam
svakarmaṇā tamabhyarcya siddhiṃ vindati mānavaḥ
Worshipping, by (the performance of) his own duty, him from whom all things proceed, and by whom all this is permeated, a man obtains perfection.
Read verse →18.47Krishnaश्रेयान्स्वधर्मो विगुणः परधर्मात्स्वनुष्ठितात्।
स्वभावनियतं कर्म कुर्वन्नाप्नोति किल्बिषम् ॥
śreyānsvadharmo viguṇaḥ paradharmātsvanuṣṭhitāt
svabhāvaniyataṃ karma kurvannāpnoti kilbiṣam
One's duty, though defective, is better than another's duty well performed. Performing the duty prescribed by nature, one does not incur sin.
Read verse →18.48Krishnaसहजं कर्म कौन्तेय सदोषमपि न त्यजेत्।
सर्वारम्भा हि दोषेण धूमेनाग्निरिवावृताः ॥
sahajaṃ karma kaunteya sadoṣamapi na tyajet
sarvārambhā hi doṣeṇa dhūmenāgnirivāvṛtāḥ
O son of Kuntī ! one should not abandon a natural duty though tainted with evil for all actions are enveloped by evil, as fire by smoke.
Read verse →18.49Krishnaअसक्तबुद्धिः सर्वत्र जितात्मा विगतस्पृहः।
नैष्कर्म्यसिद्धिं परमां संन्यासेनाधिगच्छति ॥
asaktabuddhiḥ sarvatra jitātmā vigataspṛhaḥ
naiṣkarmyasiddhiṃ paramāṃ saṃnyāsenādhigacchati
One who is self-restrained, whose understanding is unattached everywhere, from whom affections have departed, obtains the supreme perfection of freedom from action by renunciation.
Read verse →18.50Krishnaसिद्धिं प्राप्तो यथा ब्रह्म तथाप्नोति निबोध मे।
समासेनैव कौन्तेय निष्ठा ज्ञानस्य या परा ॥
siddhiṃ prāpto yathā brahma tathāpnoti nibodha me
samāsenaiva kaunteya niṣṭhā jñānasya yā parā
Learn from me, only in brief, O son of Kuntī! how one who has obtained perfection attains the Brahman , which is the highest culmination of knowledge.
Read verse →18.51Krishnaबुद्ध्या विशुद्धया युक्तो धृत्यात्मानं नियम्य च।
शब्दादीन्विषयांस्त्यक्त्वा रागद्वेषौ व्युदस्य च ॥
buddhyā viśuddhayā yukto dhṛtyātmānaṃ niyamya ca
śabdādīnviṣayāṃstyaktvā rāgadveṣau vyudasya ca
A man possessed of a pure understanding, controlling his self by courage, discarding sound and other objects of sense, casting off affection and aversion who frequents clean places
Read verse →18.52Krishnaविविक्तसेवी लघ्वाशी यतवाक्कायमानसः।
ध्यानयोगपरो नित्यं वैराग्यं समुपाश्रितः ॥
viviktasevī laghvāśī yatavākkāyamānasaḥ
dhyānayogaparo nityaṃ vairāgyaṃ samupāśritaḥ
who eats little whose speech body and mind are restrained who is always intent on meditation and mental abstraction and has recourse to unconcern
Read verse →18.53Krishnaअहंकारं बलं दर्पं कामं क्रोधं परिग्रहम्।
विमुच्य निर्ममः शान्तो ब्रह्मभूयाय कल्पते ॥
ahaṃkāraṃ balaṃ darpaṃ kāmaṃ krodhaṃ parigraham
vimucya nirmamaḥ śānto brahmabhūyāya kalpate
who abandoning egoism stubbornness arrogance desire anger
Read verse →18.54Krishnaब्रह्मभूतः प्रसन्नात्मा न शोचति न काङ्क्षति।
समः सर्वेषु भूतेषु मद्भक्तिं लभते पराम् ॥
brahmabhūtaḥ prasannātmā na śocati na kāṅkṣati
samaḥ sarveṣu bhūteṣu madbhaktiṃ labhate parām
and (all) belongings has no (thought that this or that is) mine and who is tranquil becomes fit for assimilation with the Brahman. Thus reaching the Brahman, and with a tranquil self, he grieves not, wishes not
Read verse →18.55Krishnaभक्त्या मामभिजानाति यावान्यश्चास्मि तत्त्वतः।
ततो मां तत्त्वतो ज्ञात्वा विशते तदनन्तरम् ॥
bhaktyā māmabhijānāti yāvānyaścāsmi tattvataḥ
tato māṃ tattvato jñātvā viśate tadanantaram
but being alike to all beings, obtains the highest devotion to me. By (that) devotion he truly understands who I am and how great. And then understanding me truly, he forthwith enters into my (essence).
Read verse →18.56Krishnaसर्वकर्माण्यपि सदा कुर्वाणो मद्व्यपाश्रयः।
मत्प्रसादादवाप्नोति शाश्वतं पदमव्ययम् ॥
sarvakarmāṇyapi sadā kurvāṇo madvyapāśrayaḥ
matprasādādavāpnoti śāśvataṃ padamavyayam
Even performing all actions, always depending on me, he, through my favour, obtains the imperishable and eternal seat.
Read verse →18.57Krishnaचेतसा सर्वकर्माणि मयि संन्यस्य मत्परः।
बुद्धियोगमुपाश्रित्य मच्चित्तः सततं भव ॥
cetasā sarvakarmāṇi mayi saṃnyasya matparaḥ
buddhiyogamupāśritya maccittaḥ satataṃ bhava
Dedicating in thought all actions to me, be constantly given up to me, (placing) your thoughts on me, through recourse to mental abstraction.
Read verse →18.58Krishnaमच्चित्तः सर्वदुर्गाणि मत्प्रसादात्तरिष्यसि।
अथ चेत्त्वमहंकारान्न श्रोष्यसि विनङ्क्ष्यसि ॥
maccittaḥ sarvadurgāṇi matprasādāttariṣyasi
atha cettvamahaṃkārānna śroṣyasi vinaṅkṣyasi
(Placing) your thoughts on me, you will cross over all difficulties by my favour. But if you will not listen through egotism, you will be ruined.
Read verse →18.59Krishnaयदहंकारमाश्रित्य न योत्स्य इति मन्यसे।
मिथ्यैष व्यवसायस्ते प्रकृतिस्त्वां नियोक्ष्यति ॥
yadahaṃkāramāśritya na yotsya iti manyase
mithyaiṣa vyavasāyaste prakṛtistvāṃ niyokṣyati
If entertaining egotism, you think that you may not fight, vain, indeed, is that resolution of yours. Nature will constrain you. That
Read verse →18.60Krishnaस्वभावजेन कौन्तेय निबद्धः स्वेन कर्मणा।
कर्तुं नेच्छसि यन्मोहात्करिष्यस्यवशोपि तत् ॥
svabhāvajena kaunteya nibaddhaḥ svena karmaṇā
kartuṃ necchasi yanmohātkariṣyasyavaśopi tat
O son of Kuntī! which through delusion you do not wish to do you will do involuntarily tied down by your own duty flowing from your nature.
Read verse →18.61Krishnaईश्वरः सर्वभूतानां हृद्देशेऽर्जुन तिष्ठति।
भ्रामयन्सर्वभूतानि यन्त्रारूढानि मायया ॥
īśvaraḥ sarvabhūtānāṃ hṛddeśe.arjuna tiṣṭhati
bhrāmayansarvabhūtāni yantrārūḍhāni māyayā
The lord
Read verse →18.62Krishnaतमेव शरणं गच्छ सर्वभावेन भारत।
तत्प्रसादात्परां शान्तिं स्थानं प्राप्स्यसि शाश्वतम् ॥
tameva śaraṇaṃ gaccha sarvabhāvena bhārata
tatprasādātparāṃ śāntiṃ sthānaṃ prāpsyasi śāśvatam
O Arjuna! is seated in the region of the heart of all beings turning round all beings (as though) mounted on a machine by his delusion. With him O descendant of Bharata! seek shelter in every way by his favour you will obtain the highest tranquillity, the eternal seat.
Read verse →18.63Krishnaइति ते ज्ञानमाख्यातं गुह्याद्गुह्यतरं मया।
विमृश्यैतदशेषेण यथेच्छसि तथा कुरु ॥
iti te jñānamākhyātaṃ guhyādguhyataraṃ mayā
vimṛśyaitadaśeṣeṇa yathecchasi tathā kuru
Thus have I declared to you the knowledge more mysterious than any mystery. Ponder over it thoroughly, and then act as you like.
Read verse →18.64Krishnaसर्वगुह्यतमं भूयः शृणु मे परमं वचः।
इष्टोऽसि मे दृढमिति ततो वक्ष्यामि ते हितम् ॥
sarvaguhyatamaṃ bhūyaḥ śṛṇu me paramaṃ vacaḥ
iṣṭo.asi me dṛḍhamiti tato vakṣyāmi te hitam
Once more, listen to my excellent words-most mysterious of all. Strongly I like you therefore I will declare what is for your welfare. On me (place) your mind become my devotee
Read verse →18.65Krishnaमन्मना भव मद्भक्तो मद्याजी मां नमस्कुरु।
मामेवैष्यसि सत्यं ते प्रतिजाने प्रियोऽसि मे ॥
manmanā bhava madbhakto madyājī māṃ namaskuru
māmevaiṣyasi satyaṃ te pratijāne priyo.asi me
sacrifice to me reverence me you will certainly come to me. I declare to you truly, you are dear to me.
Read verse →18.66Krishnaसर्वधर्मान्परित्यज्य मामेकं शरणं व्रज।
अहं त्वा सर्वपापेभ्यो मोक्षयिष्यामि मा शुचः ॥
sarvadharmānparityajya māmekaṃ śaraṇaṃ vraja
ahaṃ tvāṃ sarvapāpebhyo mokṣyayiṣyāmi mā śucaḥ
Forsaking all duties, come to me as (your) sole refuge. I will release you from all sins. Be not grieved.
Read verse →18.67Krishnaइदं ते नातपस्काय नाभक्ताय कदाचन।
न चाशुश्रूषवे वाच्यं न च मां योऽभ्यसूयति ॥
idaṃ te nātapaskāya nābhaktāya kadācana
na cāśuśrūṣave vācyaṃ na ca māṃ yo.abhyasūyati
This you should never declare to one who performs no penance who is not a devotee nor to one who does not wait on (some preceptor) nor yet to one who calumniates me.
Read verse →18.68Krishnaय इदं परमं गुह्यं मद्भक्तेष्वभिधास्यति।
भक्तिं मयि परां कृत्वा मामेवैष्यत्यसंशयः ॥
ya idaṃ paramaṃ guhyaṃ madbhakteṣvabhidhāsyati
bhaktiṃ mayi parāṃ kṛtvā māmevaiṣyatyasaṃśayaḥ
He who, with the highest devotion to me, will proclaim this supreme mystery among my devotees, will come to me, freed from (all) doubt.
Read verse →18.69Krishnaन च तस्मान्मनुष्येषु कश्चिन्मे प्रियकृत्तमः।
भविता न च मे तस्मादन्यः प्रियतरो भुवि ॥
na ca tasmānmanuṣyeṣu kaścinme priyakṛttamaḥ
bhavitā na ca me tasmādanyaḥ priyataro bhuvi
No one amongst men is superior to him in doing what is dear to me. And there will never be another on earth dearer to me than he. And he who will study this holy dialogue of ours will
Read verse →18.70Krishnaअध्येष्यते च य इमं धर्म्यं संवादमावयोः।
ज्ञानयज्ञेन तेनाहमिष्टः स्यामिति मे मतिः ॥
adhyeṣyate ca ya imaṃ dharmyaṃ saṃvādamāvayoḥ
jñānayajñena tenāhamiṣṭaḥ syāmiti me matiḥ
such is my opinion have offered to me the sacrifice of knowledge. And the man
Read verse →18.71Krishnaश्रद्धावाननसूयश्च शृणुयादपि यो नरः।
सोऽपि मुक्तः शुभाँल्लोकान्प्राप्नुयात्पुण्यकर्मणाम् ॥
śraddhāvānanasūyaśca śṛṇuyādapi yo naraḥ
so.api muktaḥ śubhā.Nllokānprāpnuyātpuṇyakarmaṇām
also
Read verse →18.72Krishnaकच्चिदेतच्छ्रुतं पार्थ त्वयैकाग्रेण चेतसा।
कच्चिदज्ञानसम्मोहः प्रनष्टस्ते धनञ्जय ॥
kaccidetacchrutaṃ pārtha tvayaikāgreṇa cetasā
kaccidajñānasammohaḥ pranaṣṭaste dhanañjaya
who with faith and without carping will listen (to this) will be freed (from sin) and attain to the holy regions of those who perform pious acts. Have you listened to this O son of Pṛthā! with a mind (fixed) on (this) one point only? Has your delusion (caused) by ignorance been destroyed O Dhanañjaya?
Read verse →18.73Arjunaअर्जुन उवाच।
नष्टो मोहः स्मृतिर्लब्धा त्वत्प्रसादान्मयाच्युत।
स्थितोऽस्मि गतसन्देहः करिष्ये वचनं तव ॥
arjuna uvāca
naṣṭo mohaḥ smṛtirlabdhā tvatprasādānmayācyuta
sthito.asmi gatasandehaḥ kariṣye vacanaṃ tava
Destroyed is my delusion by your favour, O undegraded one! I (now) recollect myself. I stand freed from doubts. I will do your bidding.
Read verse →18.74Sanjayaसञ्जय उवाच।
इत्यहं वासुदेवस्य पार्थस्य च महात्मनः।
संवादमिममश्रौषमद्भुतं रोमहर्षणम् ॥
sañjaya uvāca
ityahaṃ vāsudevasya pārthasya ca mahātmanaḥ
saṃvādamimamaśrauṣamadbhutaṃ romaharṣaṇam
Thus did I hear this dialogue between Vāsudeva and the high-minded son of Pṛthā, (a dialogue) wonderful and causing the hair to stand on end.
Read verse →18.75Sanjayaव्यासप्रसादाच्छ्रुतवानेतद्गुह्यमहं परम्।
योगं योगेश्वरात्कृष्णात्साक्षात्कथयतः स्वयम् ॥
vyāsaprasādācchrutavānetadguhyamahaṃ param
yogaṃ yogeśvarātkṛṣṇātsākṣātkathayataḥ svayam
By the favour of Vyāsa I heard this highest mystery, (this) devotion from Kṛṣṇa himself the lord of the possessors of mystic power who proclaimed it in person.
Read verse →18.76Sanjayaराजन्संस्मृत्य संस्मृत्य संवादमिममद्भुतम्।
केशवार्जुनयोः पुण्यं हृष्यामि च मुहुर्मुहुः ॥
rājansaṃsmṛtya saṃsmṛtya saṃvādamimamadbhutam
keśavārjunayoḥ puṇyaṃ hṛṣyāmi ca muhurmuhuḥ
O king! remembering and (again) remembering this wonderful and holy dialogue of Keśava and Arjuna
Read verse →18.77Sanjayaतच्च संस्मृत्य संस्मृत्य रूपमत्यद्भुतं हरेः।
विस्मयो मे महान् राजन्हृष्यामि च पुनः पुनः ॥
tacca saṃsmṛtya saṃsmṛtya rūpamatyadbhutaṃ hareḥ
vismayo me mahān rājanhṛṣyāmi ca punaḥ punaḥ
I rejoice over and over again. And remembering and (again) remembering that excessively wonderful form of Hari also great is my amazement O king! and I rejoice over and over again.
Read verse →18.78Sanjayaयत्र योगेश्वरः कृष्णो यत्र पार्थो धनुर्धरः।
तत्र श्रीर्विजयो भूतिर्ध्रुवा नीतिर्मतिर्मम ॥
yatra yogeśvaraḥ kṛṣṇo yatra pārtho dhanurdharaḥ
tatra śrīrvijayo bhūtirdhruvā nītirmatirmama
Wherever (is) Kṛṣṇa the lord of the possessors of mystic power wherever (is the (great) archer the son of Prithā there in my opinion (are) fortune victory prosperity and eternal justice.
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