Mokṣa Sannyāsa Yoga

18.28

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Sanskrit · Devanagari

अयुक्तः प्राकृतः स्तब्धः शठो नैष्कृतिकोऽलसः। विषादी दीर्घसूत्री च कर्ता तामस उच्यते ॥

Sanskrit · IAST

ayuktaḥ prākṛtaḥ stabdhaḥ śaṭho naiṣkṛtiko.alasaḥ viṣādī dīrghasūtrī ca kartā tāmasa ucyate

English witness

Kashinath Trimbak Telang, 1882
who is without application void of discernment headstrong crafty malicious lazy

This verse-level alignment is machine-assisted and awaits two independent human checks. Confidence signal: 23%.

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29 translations and commentaries are aligned to this verse. Choose up to three; the root verse and Telang witness stay above them.

Commentary · Sanskrit

Śaṅkarācārya

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।।18.28।। --,अयुक्तः न युक्तः असमाहितः? प्राकृतः अत्यन्तासंस्कृतबुद्धिः बालसमः? स्तब्धः दण्डवत् न नमति कस्मैचित्? शठः मायावी शक्तिगूहनकारी? नैष्कृतिकः परविभेदनपरः? अलसः अप्रवृत्तिशीलः कर्तव्येष्वपि? विषादी विषादवान् सर्वदा अवसन्नस्वभावः? दीर्घसूत्री च कर्तव्यानां दीर्घप्रसारणः? सर्वदा मन्दस्वभावः? यत् अद्य श्वो वा कर्तव्यं तत् मासेनापि न करोति? यश्च एवंभूतः? सः कर्ता तामसः उच्यते।।

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Checksum
7bf58729a85e
Translation · English

Rāmānuja

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18.28 'Ayukta' is the doer who is unalified for acts enjoined by the Sastras; the meaning is that he is engaged in perverse acts; who is 'unrefined', means one uninstructed; who is 'stubborn', means one who is not disposed to act; who is 'depraved' means one who has the taste for black magic etc; who is dishonest is one who is treacherous; who is 'indolent' is one who is not inclined to carry out actions undertaken; who is 'despondent' is one given to excessive despondency; and one who is 'dilatory', is a person who, while engaged in black magic, etc., pays malevolent attention to produce long-standing evil to others - such a doer is declared to be Tamasika. Thus, has been told the threefold division in terms of the Gunas of the knowledge about the work that ought to be performed, and about the agent of work. Now, Sri Krsna describe s the threefold division of Buddhi and Dhrti (fortitude) on the basis of Gunas. These faculties give the determinate knowledge of all realities in existence and of all ends of human life (Purusarthas).

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Checksum
5e1400fbca71
Commentary · English

Swami Sivananda

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18.28 अयुक्तः unsteady? प्राकृतः vulgar? स्तब्धः unbending? शठः cheating? नैष्कृतिकः malicious? अलसः lazy? विषादी desponding? दीर्घसूत्री procrastinating? च and? कर्ता agent? तामसः Tamasic (dark)? उच्यते is said.Commentary Owing to his vulgar nature he is not able to discriminate between proper and improper actions. His heart is filled with vanity. He will never prostrate himself before the deity or a sage. He is very stiff and unbending in his demeanour. He is the very embodiment of deceit? the abode of the passion for gambling and all such vices. He is ever ready to do evil actions. When an opportunity for his doing good occurs? he is utterly slothful and inactive? but he is very alert in doing evil.Prakritah Vulgar Quite uncultured in intellect one who is childish.Stabdhah Unbending (like a stick)? not bowing down to anybody.Shathah Cheating concealing his real nature.Naishkritikah Creating arrels and disputes among the people.Alasah Lazy Not doing even that which ought to be done.Dirghasutri Postponing duties too long always slothful not performing even in a month what ought to be done today or tomorrow.

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These supplied texts come from the pinned VedicScriptures dataset under GPL-3.0 and await independent alignment review.

Record integrity

Provenance

Canonical ID
gita.18.28
Corpus version
gita-1.0.0-rc.1
Text review
machine-cross-checked; two human passes pending
Devanagari and IAST digital witness
vedic-scriptures · BG18.28
English translation witness
telang-1882 · Chapter 18; aligned against BG18.28
SHA-256
71b2c6a2f5c66f7bc1a2a9c6209d833618780ff766fe66243f00ee16da4ccd90