Sanskrit · Devanagari
प्रवृत्तिं च निवृत्तिं च कार्याकार्ये भयाभये। बन्धं मोक्षं च या वेत्ति बुद्धिः सा पार्थ सात्त्विकी ॥
Sanskrit · IAST
pravṛttiṃ ca nivṛttiṃ ca kāryākārye bhayābhaye bandhaṃ mokṣaṃ ca yā vetti buddhiḥ sā pārtha sāttvikī
English witness
Kashinath Trimbak Telang, 1882O son of Pṛthā! is good which understands action and inaction what ought to be done and what ought not to be done danger and the absence of danger emancipation and bondage. That intelligence O son of Pṛthā! is passionate
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29 translations and commentaries are aligned to this verse. Choose up to three; the root verse and Telang witness stay above them.
Śaṅkarācārya
।।18.30।। --,प्रवृत्तिं च प्रवृत्तिः प्रवर्तनं बन्धहेतुः कर्ममार्गः शास्त्रविहितविषयः? निवृत्तिं च निर्वृत्तिः मोक्षहेतुः संन्यासमार्गः -- बन्धमोक्षसमानवाक्यत्वात् प्रवृत्तिनिवृत्ती कर्मसंन्यासमार्गौ इति अवगम्यते -- कार्याकार्ये विहितप्रतिषिद्धे लौकिके वैदिके वा शास्त्रबुद्धेः कर्तव्याकर्तव्ये करणाकरणे इत्येतत् कस्य देशकालाद्यपेक्षया दृष्टादृष्टार्थानां कर्मणाम्। भयाभये बिभेति अस्मादिति भयं चोरव्याघ्रादि? न भयं अभयम्? भयं च अभयं च भयाभये? दृष्टादृष्टविषययोः भयाभययोः कारणे इत्यर्थः। बन्धं सहेतुकं मोक्षं च सहेतुकं या वेत्ति विजानाति बुद्धिः? सा पार्थ सात्त्विकी। तत्र ज्ञानं बुद्धेः वृत्तिः बुद्धिस्तु वृत्तिमती। धृतिरपि वृत्तिविशेषः एव बुद्धेः।।
b39e54afa9bc…Rāmānuja
18.30 'Activity' is that Dharma which is the means for wordly prosperity. 'Renunciation' is that Dharma which is the means for release. The Buddhi which knows both these as they are, is Sattviki-buddhi. Further, such a Buddhi is capable of distinguishing between what ought to be done and what ought not to be done by persons of different stations in life, having as their duty activity or renunciation at particular places or times. Such a Buddhi helps them to know 'This ought to be done and this ought not to be done.' Such a Buddhi discerns transgression of the Sastras as the cause of fear and observance of the Sastras as the cause of fearlessness. It enables one to distinguish between bondage and release, the true nature of Samsara and deliverance from it. The Buddhi that functions in these ways is Sattvika.
4f92d69af71c…Swami Sivananda
18.30 प्रवृत्तिम् action? the path of work? च and? निवृत्तिम् the path of renunciation? च and? कार्याकार्ये what ought to be done and what ought not to be done? भयाभये fear and fearlessness? बन्धम् bondage? मोक्षम् liberation? च and? या which? वेत्ति knows? बुद्धिः intellect? सा that? पार्थ O Arjuna? सात्त्विकी Sattvic.Commentary The threefold nature of knowledge has been described already (verse 22 above). Now the threefold nature of the intellect is described. Knowledge is different from the intellect.Pravritti Action The cause of bondage the path of action. Nivritti Inaction The cause of liberation the path of renunciation the path of Sannyasa.Karyakarye The pure intellect knows what ought to be done and what ought not to be done at,particular places and times it knows the actions that produce visible or invisible results? that are enjoined or prohibited by the scriptures. It guides a man who relies on the scriptural ordinances for his daily conduct of life.Bhayabhaye Fear and fearlessness The cause of fear and fearlessness either visible or invisible.Bandham moksham Bondage and liberation together with their causes.Knowledge is a Vritti (function or state) of the intellect whereas intellect is what functions or undergoes the change of state. Even firmness is only a particular Vritti (modification or state) of the intellect. (Cf.XVIII.20)
8225be7ab459…These supplied texts come from the pinned VedicScriptures dataset under GPL-3.0 and await independent alignment review.